运输密度和时间对大口黑鲈幼鱼生理生化和肝肠结构的影响  

Effects of Transportation Density and Duration on the Physiological and Biochemical Indicators,Liver and Intestine Structure of Juvenile Largemouth Bass(Micropterus salmoides)

作　　者：王锦绣 王炬光 李伟 白婵[2] 祁雪 李豪华 邱亮 熊光权[2] 廖涛[2] WANG Jin-xiu;WANG Ju-guang;LI Wei;BAI Chan;QI Xue;LI Hao-hua;QIU Liang;XIONG Guang-quan;LIAO Tao(School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430073,China;Institute of Agro-products Processing and Nuclear Agricultural Technology,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Cold Chain Logistics Technology for Agro-product,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,P.R.China,Wuhan 430064,China;Aquatic Technology Service Center of Datong Lake Management Zone in Honghu City,Honghu 433221,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学,化学与环境工程学院,湖北武汉430073 [2]湖北省农业科学院农产品加工与核农技术研究所/农业农村部农产品冷链物流技术重点实验室,湖北武汉430064 [3]洪湖市大同湖管理区水产技术服务中心,湖北洪湖433221

出　　处：《广东海洋大学学报》2023年第4期93-102,共10页Journal of Guangdong Ocean University

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系专项资助(CARS-46);湖北省农业科技创新中心重大科技研发专项(2020-620-000-002-03)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同运输密度和时间对大口黑鲈(Micropterus salmoides)幼鱼生理生化指标及肝肠组织结构的影响,为其合理科学运输提供理论依据。【方法】将大口黑鲈幼鱼置于塑料盒中进行模拟运输实验,分别于运输前(0 h)和运输后的4、8、12、20 h取样,对存活率、水质、血清和肝脏理化指标进行了分析。【结果】与运输前相比,运输过程中水体总氨氮浓度和pH显著升高,即时存活率显著降低。运输密度和时间对大口黑鲈幼鱼即时存活率、水体总氨氮含量、应激及抗氧化指标均具有显著交互作用。1∶2、1∶4、1∶5密度组皮质醇含量在4 h达到最高,1∶3密度组在8 h达到最高,之后逐渐降低。肝脏总抗氧化能力和超氧化物歧化酶与运输前相比显著升高,还原型谷胱甘肽含量显著降低,各密度组肝脏和肠道均出现不同程度的组织损伤(α=0.05)。【结论】运输时长小于4 h时,可适当采用较高的鱼水比(1∶2)运输,运输时长大于10 h时,宜采用较低的鱼水比(1∶5)进行运输。【Objective】To explore the effects of transportation density and duration on physiological and biochemical indicators of juvenile largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides),providing the theoretical basis for their rational and scientific transportation.【Method】The juvenile largemouth bass was placed in a plastic box to conduct simulated transportation experiments.The samples were collected from each fish at 0 h(before transportation)and 4,8,12 and 20 h after transportation to analyze survival rate,water quality and biochemical parameters in serum and liver.【Results】The total ammonia nitrogen concentration and pH of the water significantly increased,while significantly declined immediate survival rate during transportation compared to before transportation.Transportation density and duration have significant interaction effects on the immediate survival rate,total ammonia nitrogen content in the water,stress,and antioxidant indicators of juvenile largemouth bass.The cortisol levels in the density groups of 1∶2,1∶4 and 1∶5 reached their peak at 4 h,while the 1∶3 density group reached its maximum at 8 h and slowly decreased thereafter.The total antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase of the liver significantly increased,while the reduced glutathione levels significantly decreased compared with before transportation.Different degrees of tissue damage was observed in the liver and intestine of each density group(α=0.05).【Conclusion】A higher density ratio(1∶2)be used for transportation when the duration is less than four hours.Conversely,a lower density ratio(1∶5)is advised when the transportation time exceeds ten hours.

关 键 词：大口黑鲈幼鱼 运输密度 应激指标 即时存活率 组织结构 

分 类 号：S981.1[农业科学—捕捞与储运]