化学遗传学技术在精神疾病研究中的应用  

Application of chemogenetic technology in the research of psychiatric disorders

作　　者：刘芳林 李鑫 韩盈 LIU Fang-in;LI Xin;HAN Ying(National Institute on Drug Dependence,Peking University,Bejing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence Research,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学中国药物依赖性研究所药物依赖性研究北京市重点实验室,北京100191

出　　处：《中国药物依赖性杂志》2023年第3期173-179,共7页Chinese Journal of Drug Dependence

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32071058);。

摘　　要：精神疾病具有机制复杂、复发率高等特点,一直是重大的医学和社会问题。在精准医疗方针的指导下,化学遗传学技术通过精确调控特定类型神经元或神经胶质细胞,为精神疾病中神经环路机制的研究模式带来重大变革,在探寻和证实精神疾病背后的神经生物学机制、药物作用靶点及新的治疗方法等方面具有不可或缺的作用。本文重点阐述了化学遗传学技术DREADD(designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs)在焦虑和抑郁障碍、睡眠觉醒障碍、创伤后应激障碍、药物成瘾等精神疾病机制研究中的应用,并对该技术今后的临床转化进行了展望。Psychiatric disorders have the characteristics of complex mechanisms and high recurrence rate,and have always been a major medical and social problem.Under the guidance of the precision medicine policy,chemogenetic technology has revolutionized the research model of neural circuit mechanisms in psychiatric disorders by precisely regulating specific types of neurons or glial cells,and is indispensable in exploring and confirming the biological mechanisms,drug targets and new treatment methods.This review focuses on the research progress of Designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs(DREADD)technique in psychiatric disorders including anxiety and depression,sleep disorders,post-traumatic stress disorder,and drug addiction,and discusses the prospects for the future clinical transformation of this technology.

关 键 词：化学遗传学技术 精神疾病 DREADD技术 GPCRS 神经环路 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]