阅读流畅性缺陷儿童认知加工特征研究  

The Cognitive Processing Characteristics of Children with Reading Fluency Deficit

作　　者：吕海萌 万勤[2] 方拴锋 任灵敏[1] LV Hai-meng;WAN Qin;FANG Shuan-feng;REN Ling-min

机构地区：[1]郑州大学附属儿童医院/河南省儿童医院/郑州儿童医院儿童保健科,郑州450018 [2]华东师范大学教育康复学系,上海200062

出　　处：《中国听力语言康复科学杂志》2023年第4期420-423,共4页Chinese Scientific Journal of Hearing and Speech Rehabilitation

摘　　要：目的基于自下而上的阅读加工模式,探讨阅读流畅性缺陷儿童的认知加工特征。方法以阅读流畅性缺陷儿童、普通儿童和识字量缺陷儿童为对象,考察其视觉加工、快速命名及句法意识等能力。结果在视觉加工和快速命名任务方面,被试间变量主效应极显著(P<0.01);句法意识任务方面普通儿童>阅读流畅性缺陷儿童>识字量缺陷儿童。两种视觉加工任务间主效应极显著(F=84.366,P<0.01),被试类型和视觉加工方式的交互作用显著(F=3.325.P<0.05)。两种快速命名测验间主效应极显著,(F=150.985,P<0.01),被试类型和视觉加工方式的交互作用不显著(P>0.05)。结论阅读流畅性缺陷儿童在视觉加工、快速命名、句法意识方面均落后于普通儿童;字形加工和视觉刺激会增加阅读流畅性缺陷儿童的视觉加工负担。Objective Based on the reading processing mode from bottom to top,we study the cognitive processing characteristics of children with reading fluency disability.Methods 27 children with reading fluency disability,27 ordinary children,and 22 children with word defect were used as subjects.Children's visual processing,rapid naming,and syntactic awareness were systematically studied.Results In visual processing and rapid naming tasks,the main effect of variables between subjects was extremely significant(P<0.01).In syntactic awareness tasks,ordinary children were better than children with reading fluency deficits who were better than children with literacy deficits.The main effect between the two visual processing tasks was extremely significant(F=84.366,P<0.01).The interaction between subject type and visual processing method is significant(F=3.325,P<0.05).The main effect between the two rapid naming tests was extremely significant(F=150.985,P<0.01),and the interaction between subject type and visual processing style was not significant(P>0.05).Conclusions The abilities of children with reading fluency disability in visual processing,rapid naming,and syntactic consciousness lagged behind ordinary children.Glyph processing and visual stimulation will increase the visual processing burden of children with reading fluency disability.

关 键 词：阅读障碍 阅读流畅性缺陷 视觉加工 快速命名 句法意识 

分 类 号：R741[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]