番石榴叶黄酮超声辅助低共熔溶剂提取工艺及品种差异  

Extraction Process and Cultivar Differences of Flavonoids in Guava Leaves with Deep Eutectic Solvents

作　　者：罗朝丹 任二芳[1,2] 黄燕婷 李建强 苏艳兰[1,2] 冯春梅 罗小杰 程三红[1,2] LUO Chaodan;REN Erfang;HUANG Yanting;LI Jianqiang;SU Yanan;FENG Chunmei;LUO Xiaojie;CHENG Sanhong(Guangxi Subtropical Crops Research Institute,Nanning 530001,Guangxi,China;Guangxi Subtropical Fruits Processing Research Center of Engineering Technology,Nanning 530001,Guangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区亚热带作物研究所,广西南宁530001 [2]广西亚热带水果加工工程技术研究中心,广西南宁530001

出　　处：《食品研究与开发》2023年第14期147-154,共8页Food Research and Development

基　　金：广西农业科学院科技发展基金项目(桂农科2022JM92);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项项目(桂农科2021YT144、桂农科2021YT146)。

摘　　要：以番石榴叶为原料,通过单因素结合正交试验确定超声波辅助低共熔溶剂(deep eutectic solvents,DES)提取工艺,以NaNO_(2)-Al(NO_(3))_(3)比色法结合高效液相色谱(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)法测定分析不同品种叶片总黄酮与主要黄酮类成分含量差异。结果表明,各因素对番石榴叶总黄酮提取率的影响程度为DES含水率>DES组成>料液比。最佳提取工艺:以含水率为25%的氯化胆碱与乙二醇组成的DES为溶剂,料液比1∶30(g/mL),总黄酮平均提取率为14.95%。‘全红’总黄酮含量226.62 mg/g,高于其余品种(45.12~183.56 mg/g),且总黄酮在‘全红’‘珍珠’‘新世纪’中分布为嫩芽<嫩叶<老叶。‘全红’中4种主要黄酮类成分含量为21.03 mg/L,番石榴苷、萹蓄苷、瑞诺苷和槲皮素,含量分别为7.25、7.94、3.96 mg/L和1.88 mg/L。综合总黄酮和4种黄酮类化合物含量,‘全红’是最适于番石榴叶黄酮开发的原料。The ultrasonic-assisted deep eutectic solvents(DES)extraction process was determined based on Guava leaves through a single-factor experiment combined with orthogonal experimental design.The total flavonoid and major flavonoid content differences in different cultivars of leaves were determined using the NaNO2-Al(NO3)3 colorimetric method combined with high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The results showed that the factors affecting the extraction rate of total flavonoids from Guava leaves were in the sequence of DES water content>DES composition>liquid-to-material ratio.The optimal extraction should be performed using DES combined with choline chloride and ethylene glycol(25%water content)as the extraction solvents with a liquid-to-material ratio of 1∶30(g/mL),resulting in an average extraction rate of total flavonoids of 14.95%.The total flavonoid content of'Quanhong'was 226.62 mg/g,higher than other cultivars(45.12 mg/g to 183.56 mg/g),and the distribution of total flavonoids in'Quanhong','Zhenzhu',and'Xinshiji'was tender shoots<tender leaves<old leaves.The content of four major flavonoid compounds in'Quanhong'was 21.03 mg/L,including guaijaverin,avicularin,reynoutrin,and quercetin,with content of 7.25 mg/L,7.94 mg/L,3.96 mg/L,and 1.88 mg/L,respectively.Considering the content of both total flavonoids and the four major flavonoid compounds,'Quanhong'was the most suitable raw material for the development of Guava leaves flavonoid.

关 键 词：番石榴叶 低共熔溶剂 超声辅助提取 黄酮类成分 品种差异 

分 类 号：TS201.2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]