行为者-观察者视角下的养家动机  

Revisiting family motivation from the actor versus observer perspectives

作　　者：孟亮 李丹丹 MENG Liang;LI Dandan(School of Business and Management,Shanghai International Studies University;Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain-Machine Intelligence for Information Behavior;Institute of Organizational Behavior and Organizational Neuroscience,Shanghai International Studies University,Shanghai 200083,China)

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学国际工商管理学院 [2]上海市脑机协同信息行为重点实验室 [3]上海外国语大学组织行为与组织神经科学研究所,上海200083

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2023年第8期1342-1358,共17页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(72271165);上海市哲学社会科学规划年度课题(2021ZGL004);上海市软科学研究项目(22692191200)。

摘　　要：养家动机概念的提出推动了工作动机的研究进展,为洞察员工的工作行为提供了全新视角。然而,已有研究强调养家动机的亲社会动机属性,对其工作动机属性的认识尚不全面。因此,本研究聚焦于工作动机属性下的养家动机,提出养家动机兼具水平和受控程度两个独立的维度,围绕养家动机对员工组织公民行为的影响机制及其后续人际影响展开探究。本研究先从行为者视角探索养家动机如何影响员工的组织公民行为,再从观察者视角分别探究观察者(面试官)对养家动机的工作动机属性的整体认识以及观察者(领导者)对养家动机驱动下员工做出的组织公民行为的归因和反应。通过系统性的理论建构,本研究增进对职场中员工养家动机的全面认识,并为管理实践提供参考。The construct of family motivation has promoted the progress of work motivation research to a large extent and provided a new perspective for insights into employees’work behaviors.However,existing research mainly focuses on the prosocial nature of family motivation,while ignored its work motivation nature.Therefore,from a work motivation perspective,this study proposes that family motivation has two independent dimensions(i.e.,level and internalization)and focuses on the effect of family motivation on organizational citizenship behaviors(OCBs)and its subsequent interpersonal influences.This study first examines how family motivation predicts employees’OCBs from the actor perspective,and then explores observers’(i.e.,interviewers’)overall perception of applicants with varied family motivation in job interviews and how observers(i.e.,leaders)attribute and react to OCBs performed by employees with varied family motivation from the observer perspective.Taking both the actor and observer perspectives,this research attempts to gain a comprehensive insight into the work motivation nature of family motivation and its impact on employees’extra-role work behaviors,and to provide guidance for managerial practices.

关 键 词：工作动机 养家动机 行为者−观察者视角 组织公民行为 归因 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] C93[哲学宗教—心理学]