《明儒学案·方孝孺》的文本生成及“有明之学祖”的重构  

Text Generation of Huang Zongxi's Anthology of the Philosophical Works of the Ming Dynasty·Fang Xiaoru and Reconstruction of the"Learning Ancestor in the Ming Dynasty"

作　　者：甄洪永 王宁 ZHEN Hongyong;WANG Ning(School of Drama,Film and Television,Shanxi Normal University,Taiyuan 030001,China)

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学戏剧与影视学院,山西太原030001

出　　处：《武陵学刊》2023年第4期1-9,共9页Journal of Wuling

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“《明儒学案》文本生成及儒家文化自信之重建研究”(21BZW115)。

摘　　要：郑晓、邓元锡都撰写过方孝孺的传记,但直到黄宗羲《明儒学案》才首次实现了对方孝孺儒学史的观照。《明儒学案》既保留了郑晓、邓元锡所撰方孝孺传记的基本框架,也大幅增删了若干信息。在文字的大幅度增删中,黄宗羲完成了对方孝孺“有明之学祖”的学术重塑。《明儒学案》增加了方孝孺为学自得、论动静、为方氏辩白等三个话题,集中反映了黄宗羲对明代灭亡的反思,有鲜明的当下指向性。《明儒学案》全文钞录了方孝孺《侯城杂诫》,其直接文献来源并非通行的方孝孺的文集,而是万历年间王文禄刊刻的《百陵学山》丛书中的单行本。《侯城杂诫》对修身、孝道、井田制的深刻论述,既是方孝孺的论学重点,也是黄宗羲阐发自己学术观念的话题来源,是界定方孝孺“有明之学祖”基本内涵的依据。Zheng Xiao and Deng Yuanxi had both written biographies of Fang Xiaoru,but Huang Zongxi's Anthology of the Philosophical Works of the Ming Dynasty·Fang Xiaoru was the first to evaluate Fang's contributions to Confucianism.Anthology of the Philosophical Works of the Ming Dynasty retained Zheng Xiao and Deng Yuanxi's basic framework,but with substantial addition and deletion where Huang Zongxi completed the academic remodeling of Fang Xiaoru.Anthology of the Philosophical Works of the Ming Dynasty·Fang Xiaoru added three topics,namely the independent academic exploration of Fang,the discussion of motion and quiescence,and the defense for Fang,revealing Huang Zongxi's reflection on the collapse of the Ming Dynasty with a clear current direction.Anthology of the Philosophical Works of the Ming Dynasty·Fang Xiaoru included a full transcription of Fang Xiaoru's Houcheng Precept,whose direct source was not the popular collection of Fang Xiaoru,but a single volume of the series of Baling Xueshan published by Wang Wenlu during the Wanli Period.Houcheng Precept contained profound discussions on self-cultivation,filial piety,and well-field system,which were not only the focus of Fang Xiaoru's theory,but also the topic source for Huang Zongxi to illustrate his academic ideas,and the basis of defining Fang Xiaoru as the"learning ancestor in the Ming Dynasty".

关 键 词：《明儒学案》 方孝孺 “有明学祖” 重构 

分 类 号：B248[哲学宗教—中国哲学]