咨询师视角下网络心理咨询伦理问题的定性研究  

A qualitative study of ethical issues of online counseling from perspective of counselors

作　　者：吴慕窈 马向真[2] WU Muyao;MA Xiangzhen(Mental Health Education and Counseling Center,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210046,China;Institute of Applied Psychology,Southeast University,Nanjing 211189,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学心理健康教育咨询中心,南京210046 [2]东南大学应用心理研究所,南京211189

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2023年第8期694-700,共7页Chinese Mental Health Journal

摘　　要：目的:探讨咨询师在网络心理咨询中遇到的伦理经历和伦理困惑。方法:招募11名从事网络心理咨询工作的受访者(包含2名预访谈对象),参考网络心理咨询伦理相关的文献,结合研究目的拟定半结构式访谈提纲,运用主题分析的方法对原始资料进行分析和提炼。结果:提取网络心理咨询伦理问题的3个一级主题(网络心理咨询的一般伦理问题、网络心理咨询的特殊伦理问题、咨询师对网络心理咨询伦理的看法),分为专业关系、知情同意、隐私权和保密性、专业胜任力、危机状况的处理、教学培训与督导、网络心理咨询平台相关的伦理议题、技术故障、咨询师使用社交媒体的伦理议题、来访者突破设置的行为、与面对面咨询伦理的异同、对国内网络心理咨询规范的评价与建议12个二级主题。结论:网络心理咨询中一般伦理问题形式更复杂多样,特殊伦理议题突出,需予以关注。Objectives:To explore the ethical experience and confusion encountered by counselors during the process of online counseling.Methods:Eleven interviewees engaged in online counseling were recruited openly(including 2 pre-interviewees),and a semi-structured interview outline was developed based on the existing research literature related to the ethics of online counseling combined with the purpose of the study, and the primary data were analyzed and refined using the method of thematic analysis.Results:Three kinds of first order themes of ethical issues of online counseling(general ethical issues of online counseling, specific ethical issues of online counseling, and counselors′views on ethics of online counseling) were extracted, including 12 kinds of second order themes, namely counseling relationship, informed consent, privacy and confidentiality, professional competence, handling of crisis situations, ethical issues related to online counseling platforms, technical failures, ethical issues of counselors using social media, the clients breaking out of settings, similarities and differences compared to ethics of face-to-face counseling, and evaluation and recommendations for domestic code of ethics for online counseling.Conclusion:In online counseling, the general ethical issues are more complex and varied, and the special ethical issues are prominent and need more attention.

关 键 词：网络心理咨询 咨询伦理 咨询师 定性研究 

分 类 号：R.052[医药卫生] B849.1[哲学宗教—应用心理学]