蜜蜂采集真菌孢子行为研究进展与展望(1)  

Research Progress and Prospect of Bees Collecting Fungal Spores(1)

作　　者：黄新球[1] 杨有仙 杨文[1] 李莎 苗春辉[1] 梁铖[1] 王艳辉[1] HUANG Xin-qiu;YANG You-xian;Yang Wen;LI Sha;MIAO Chun-hui;LIANG Chen;WANG Yan-hui(Sericulture and Apiculture Research Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Mengzi 661101,China;Honghe Quality and Technical Supervision Comprehensive Testing Center,Mengzi 661199,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科学院蚕桑蜜蜂研究所,云南蒙自661101 [2]红河州质量技术监督综合检测中心,云南蒙自661100

出　　处：《蜜蜂杂志》2023年第8期1-6,共6页Journal of Bee

基　　金：云南省农业科学科研预研项目(2023KYZX-02);国家蜂产业技术体系专项(CARS-44-SYZ14);。

摘　　要：蜜蜂是社会性昆虫,其授粉作用对农作物增产具有重要意义。为应对病虫害感染、食物短缺、杀虫剂应用等外界压力,蜜蜂进化出多种防御策略,包括搜集真菌孢子等花粉花蜜以外的物质。近年来,相关学者对蜜蜂积极采集真菌孢子行为的现象做了较多的研究,并取得了一些成果。本文对蜜蜂采集真菌的记录及行为特征、主要的真菌类别及采集真菌的蜜蜂种类进行了总结,并对前人关于蜜蜂采集真菌原因的分析、真菌对蜜蜂的健康作用进行了综述,同时讨论了蜜蜂采集真菌孢子基于营养作用观点存在的局限性,提出真菌对蜜蜂“药用作用”的进一步研究方向,旨在为今后探寻蜜蜂采集真菌行为的动机及其影响作用提供借鉴,为蜜蜂饲养和维护蜂群健康提供思路。Bees are social insects and their pollination role is important for increasing crop yields.In response to external pressures such as pest and disease infections,food shortages and pesticides,bees have also evolved a variety of defence strategies,including the collection of substances other than pollen and nectar.In recent years,more research has been doneon the phenomenonof bees actively collecting fungal spores,and some results have been obtained.This paper summarises the records and behavioural characteristics of fungal collection by bees,the main fungal categories and the types of bees that collect fungi,and reviews previous analyses of the reasons for fungal collection by bees and the health effects of fungi on bees,It also discusses the shortcomings of current research based on the nutritional role of fungal spores,and suggests directions for further research on the"medicinal role"of fungi on bees.which will provide a reference for future research on the purpose of fungal collection behaviours of bees and their influencing effects,and provide ideas for honey bee husbandry and maintenance of bee colony health.

关 键 词：蜜蜂 真菌 孢子 采集行为 健康作用 

分 类 号：S891[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]