考虑交通限制的车辆与无人机协同混合配送路径研究  

Research on Vehicle and Drone Collaborative Mixed Delivery Route Considering Traffic Restriction

作　　者：徐宁 胡义秋 XU Ning;HU Yiqiu(School of Business,Nanjing Audit University,Nanjing 210029,China)

机构地区：[1]南京审计大学商学院,江苏南京210029

出　　处：《物流技术》2023年第7期53-58,70,共7页Logistics Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71701101)。

摘　　要：无人机与车辆混合模式是解决物流配送“最后一公里”的有效方式之一,无人机可在限制车辆通行的区域负责配送任务。研究了车辆路线受限制情况下的路径规划方法,考虑交通限制因素在路径中的影响,建立了“车辆-无人机”协同配送的优化模型。针对该协同路径问题,设计了一种新型混合启发式算法进行求解。该算法由两个阶段构成,第一阶段对客户进行聚类处理,形成备选客户集合;第二阶段设计优化运输车辆和无人机路径,并给出无人机起落位置。在经典数据集基础上构建了一系列检验算例,验证了车辆和无人机并行执行任务能够有效提高配送效率,同时验证了在不同规模问题下算法的有效性。The drone and vehicle mixed distribution mode is one of the effective ways to solve the"last mile"distribution problem,since drones can be used to complete distribution tasks in vehicle-restricted areas.In this paper,we studied the path planning method under vehicle route constraint,and established the optimization model of vehicle-drone collaborative delivery considering the influence of traffic constraints in distribution route planning.In view of the collaborative route problem,we designed a new hybrid heuristic algorithm to solve the model.The algorithm consists of two steps.In the first step,customers are clustered into separate candidate groups;in the second step,the traveling route of the vehicles and drones are designed and optimized,and the takeoff and landing positions of the drones are given.At the end,we set up a series of test examples on the basis of classic data sets,which verified that concurrent vehicle and drone operation could effectively improve delivery efficiency,and at the same time,also demonstrated the effectiveness of the algorithm under different scales.

关 键 词：无人机 路径规划 两阶段算法 交通限制 协同混合配送 

分 类 号：F252.14[经济管理—国民经济] U116[交通运输工程] F224