中等职业教育高质量发展的障碍、机遇与实践路向——以新修订的《中华人民共和国职业教育法》为指引  

Obstacles,Opportunities and Practical Directions for the High-quality Development of Secondary Vocational Education in China——Guided by the New Version of Vocational Education Law

作　　者：李嘉 唐湘宁 LI Jia;TANG Xiangning

机构地区：[1]南京邮电大学教育科学与技术学院

出　　处：《职教通讯》2023年第7期24-31,共8页Communication of Vocational Education

基　　金：2022年度教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金项目“乡村振兴战略下农村职业教育服务的可及性及其实现路径研究”(项目编号:22YJA880079)。

摘　　要：新修订的《中华人民共和国职业教育法》(以下简称“新职教法”)为中等职业教育提供了自我检视的“显微镜”与高质量发展的“路线图”。我国中等职业教育高质量发展面临多重障碍,主要表现在:体系内部壁垒的顽固性导致中等职业教育成为“没有前途的教育”;人才培养质量的社会认可度不高导致中等职业教育成为“没有吸引力的教育”;重学轻术的社会文化环境导致中等职业教育成为“没有尊严的教育”。新职教法给中等职业教育的高质量发展带来了机遇,它通过贯通类型体系确立了中等职业教育的基础性地位,通过深化产教融合机制为中等职业教育高质量发展提供了动力保障,通过塑造社会共识为中等职业教育高质量发展创造了良好的生态环境。在新职教法指引下,需要以“功能定位”与“分类发展”为重点夯实中等职业教育在体系中的基础性地位,以“标准建设”与“三教改革”为切入口完善中等职业教育的技术知识体系,以“对接需求”与“优化分配”为策略提升中等职业教育服务社会的能级与实效,最终实现高质量发展。The new version of the Vocational Education Law provides a"microscope"for self-examination and a"roadmap"for high-quality development of secondary vocational education.The high-quality development of secondary vocational education in China faces multiple obstacles,mainly manifested in the stubbornness of internal barriers within the system,which leads to secondary vocational education becoming a"hopeless education";the low social recognition of talent cultivation quality leads to secondary vocational education becoming an"unattractive education";the socio-cultural environment of valuing learning over skills has led to secondary vocational education becoming an"undignified education".The new version of the Vocational Education Law has brought opportunities for the high-quality development of secondary vocational education.It confirms the fundamental position of secondary vocational education through the integration of type system,provides driving force for the high-quality development of secondary vocational education by deepening the integration mechanism of industry and education,and creates a good ecological environment for the high-quality development of secondary vocational education by shaping social consensus.Under the guidance of the new version of the Vocational Education Law,secondary vocational education needs to focus on"functional positioning"and"classified development"to consolidate the fundamental position of secondary vocational education in the system,improve the technical knowledge system of secondary vocational education with"standard construction"and"three education reform"as the entry points,and enhance the level and effectiveness of secondary vocational education in serving society with the strategy of"matching needs and optimizing distribution",ultimately achieving high-quality development.

关 键 词：新职教法 中等职业教育 高质量发展 

分 类 号：G712[文化科学—职业技术教育学]