微量元素组配对羊肚菌菌丝发育、营养品质及产量的影响  

Effects of Combined Application of Trace Elements on Mycelial Development,Nutritional Quality and Yield of Morchella septimelata

作　　者：刘柱杉 孙浩翔 温嘉伟[1] 杨大海[1] 谭笑[1] 夏蕾[1] 张维东[1] Liu Zhushan;Sun Haoxiang;Wen Jiawei;Yang Dahai;Tan Xiao;Xia Lei;Zhang Weidong(Institute of Rural Energy and Ecology,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 133033,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院农村能源与生态研究所,吉林长春133033

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2023年第7期96-103,共8页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：吉林省科技厅重点研发项目“东北地区羊肚菌人工栽培技术的研究”(20200402079NC)。

摘　　要：本试验以不施微量元素为对照(CK),设置施用锌(Zn)、铁(Fe)、锰(Mn)及Zn+Fe、Fe+Mn、Zn+Mn、Zn+Fe+Mn共8个处理,研究施用不同微量元素及其组配处理对羊肚菌菌丝发育、子实体产量和相关营养品质与药用价值的影响。结果表明,含Mn处理(Mn、Fe+Mn、Zn+Mn、Zn+Fe+Mn)在菌丝生长速率、菌丝活力及菌核形成、营养成分含量及子实体产量上具有显著优势。其中Mn、Fe+Mn、Zn+Fe+Mn处理下呈味氨基酸、药用氨基酸及人体必需氨基酸总含量较高,且在粗多糖、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、粗纤维含量中亦具有较优值。此外,各处理产量表现为Fe+Mn>Zn+Fe+Mn>Zn+Fe>Fe>Zn+Mn>Mn>Zn>CK,其中Fe+Mn处理产量较CK显著提高15.37%。综上,Mn与Fe组配处理(Fe+Mn)效果最佳,其有利于菌丝体生长发育、菌核形成以及提升羊肚菌子实体氨基酸营养价值和品质,显著提高羊肚菌子实体产量。In this study,the treatments of application of zinc(Zn),iron(Fe),manganese(Mn)and Zn+Fe,Fe+Mn,Zn+Mn,Zn+Fe+Mn were set,with no trace element application as control(CK),to study the effects of different trace elements and their combination treatments on mycelial development,fruiting body yield,nutritional quality and medicinal value of Morchella septimelata.The results showed that Mn-containing treatments(Mn,Fe+Mn,Zn+Mn,Zn+Fe+Mn)had significant advantages in mycelial growth rate,mycelial viability and sclerotia formation,nutrient content and fruiting body yield.Under the treatments of Mn,Fe+Mn and Zn+Fe+Mn,the total contents of flavor amino acids,medicinal amino acids and human essential amino acids were higher,and the crude polysaccharide,crude protein,crude fat and crude fiber contents had better values.Furthermore,the yields of each treatment showed Fe+Mn>Zn+Fe+Mn>Zn+Fe>Fe>Zn+Mn>Mn>Zn>CK;the yield of Fe+Mn treatment was significantly increased by 15.37%compared with CK.In conclusion,the combined treatment of Mn and Fe(Fe+Mn)had the best effect,which was beneficial to the growth and development of mycelium,the formation of sclerotia,the improvement of nutritional value and quality of amino acids in the fruiting body of M.septimelata,and significantly increased the yield of M.septimelata.

关 键 词：梯棱羊肚菌 微量元素 菌丝发育 氨基酸组分 营养品质 产量 

分 类 号：S646.7[农业科学—蔬菜学]