上海市 19 所三级医院护士主观社会地位现状及影响因素调查  

The current status and influencing factors of the subjective social status of nurses in 19 tertiary hospitals in Shanghai

作　　者：杜玉 张玉侠 陆小英[3] 奚慧琴 顾艳荭[5] 顾莺 沈南平 毛燕君 施忠英 叶丽萍[10] 郭琦 丰青[12] 沈英 周花仙 张华春 江萍 李红[17] 朱晓萍 王秀芳[19] 王艳梅 陈潇[1,2] Du Yu;Zhang Yuxia;Lu Xiaoying;Xi Huiqin;Gu Yanhong;Gu Ying;Shen Nanping;Mao Yanjun;Shi Zhongying;Ye Liping;Guo Qi;Feng Qing;Shen Ying;Zhou Huaxian;Zhang Huachun;Jiang Ping;Li Hong;Zhu Xiaoping;Wang Xiufang;Wang Yanmei;Chen Xiao(Nursing Department,Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属中山医院护理部,上海200032 [2]复旦大学护理学院 [3]海军军医大学第一附属医院护理部 [4]上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院护理部 [5]上海市第五人民医院护理部 [6]复旦大学附属儿科医院护理部 [7]上海市儿童医学中心护理部 [8]上海市肺科医院护理部 [9]上海市精神卫生中心护理部 [10]上海市闵行区中心医院护理部 [11]上海市徐汇区中心医院护理部 [12]上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金北院护理部 [13]复旦大学附属金山医院护理部 [14]上海市浦东医院护理部 [15]上海市中医药大学附属龙华医院护理部 [16]上海市浦东新区人民医院护理部 [17]中福会国际和平妇幼保健院护理部 [18]上海市第十人民医院护理部 [19]复旦大学附属中山医院青浦分院护理部 [20]上海市浦东新区公利医院护理部

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2023年第14期54-59,共6页Journal of Nursing Science

基　　金：上海市哲学社会科学规划一般课题(2020BGL018)。

摘　　要：目的了解上海市三级医院护士的主观社会地位水平并分析其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法选取上海市19所三级医院的6539名护士,采用一般资料调查表、MacArthur主观社会经济地位量表、组织公平感量表和护士职业获益感量表进行调查。结果护士主观社会地位总分为(5.50±1.34)分,组织公平感总分为(77.97±14.83)分,职业获益感总分为(115.90±19.39)分。多元线性回归分析结果显示,性别、是否有子女、初始学历、税后年薪、工作科室、职务、户口所在地、经历医患冲突的次数、组织公平感和职业获益感是护士主观社会地位的影响因素(均P<0.05),共解释总变异的35.7%。结论上海市三级医院护士的主观社会地位处于中等水平,建议可以通过提高护士收入,推进护理高等教育发展,提高护理工作专业性,提高组织公平感和职业获益感等措施提高护士的主观社会地位。Objective To investigate the current status and influencing factors of the subjective social status of nurses in Shanghai.Methods A total of 6,539 nurses were recruited from 19 tertiary hospitals in Shanghai by convenience sampling,and the general information questionnaire,the MacArthur Subjective Socioeconomic Status Scale,the Organizational Justice Scale,and the Nurse Professional Benefit Questionnaire were used to conduct the investigation.Results The total score of subjective social status was 5.50±1.34,the total score of sense of organizational justice was 77.97±14.83,and the total score of professional benefit was 115.90±19.39.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that gender,presence of children,initial education,after-tax annual income,department,position,household location,number of experiences of nurse-patient conflicts,organizational justice and professional benefit were the influencing factors of nurses′subjective social status(all P<0.05),together explaining 35.7%of the total variance.Conclusion The subjective social status of nurses in tertiary hospitals in Shanghai is at a moderate level.It is suggested that measures such as increasing nurses′income,promoting the development of nursing higher education,improving the professionalism of nursing work,and improving the sense of organizational justice and professional benefit can be taken to improve nurses′subjective social status.

关 键 词：三级医院 护士 主观社会地位 组织公平感 职业获益感 医患冲突 影响因素 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学] C931.3[医药卫生—临床医学]