关于深化中国减盐行动策略和实施方案的建议  

Deepening the Action on Salt Reduction in China-suggestions on strategy and implementation plan

作　　者：王陇德[1] 张普洪 李园 李英华[3] 张兵 王惠君 吴静[5] 韩军花 李长宁[3] 李宁 李新华 丁钢强 吴兆苏[9] Wang Longde;Zhang Puhong;Li Yuan;Li Yinghua;Zhang Bing;Wang Huijun;Wu Jing;Han Junhua;Li Changning;Li Ning;Li Xinhua;Ding Gangqiang;Wu Zhaosu(Chinese Preventive Medicine Association,Beijing 100062,China;The George Institute for Global Health(Australia)Beijing Representative Office,Beijing 100600,China;Chinese Center for Health Education,Beijing 100011,China;National Institute for Nutrition and Health,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China;National Center for Chronic and Noncommunicable Disease Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 100050,China;Chinese Nutrition Society,Beijing 100020,China;China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment,Beijing 100024,China;People's Medical Publishing House,Bejing 100021,China;Beijing Anzhen Hospital,Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases,Capital Medical University,Beijing100029,China)

机构地区：[1]中华预防医学会,北京100062 [2]乔治全球健康研究院(澳大利亚)北京代表处,北京100600 [3]中国健康教育中心,北京100011 [4]中国疾病预防控制中心营养与健康所,北京100050 [5]中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制中心,北京100050 [6]中国营养学会,北京100020 [7]国家食品安全风险评估中心,北京100024 [8]人民卫生出版社,北京100021 [9]首都医科大学附属北京安贞医院、北京市心肺血管疾病研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《中华预防医学杂志》2023年第7期1105-1114,共10页Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：高钠或高盐饮食是导致我国居民健康寿命损失的第一位膳食危险因素。《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》提出到2030年我国居民食盐摄入量降低20%的目标。然而,我国居民食盐摄入量仍徘徊在很高水平,成年人为11 g/d,超过了食盐推荐量上限5 g/d的2倍。我国现行政策和行动计划已将餐饮从业人员、儿童青少年、家庭主厨作为减盐、减油、减糖行动的重点人群,具有很好的针对性,但在协同推进和落实力度上尚存在明显不足。为此,本研究基于我国居民膳食钠主要来源、减盐“知信行”现状、干预措施有效性证据、现有政策和要求,同时参考世界卫生组织和一些国家的减盐策略,提出了进一步深化我国减盐行动的综合策略(又称CHRPS策略,包括宣传与健康教育、家庭烹饪减盐、餐饮业减盐、预包装食品减盐和监测与评价)和实施方案要点的建议。作为科学参考,CHRPS策略将有助于政府和相关单位快速落实减盐工作,支持中国减盐目标的早日实现。Excessive sodium/salt intake is the leading dietary risk factor for the loss of healthy life in the Chinese population.The"Healthy China 2030"Action Plan set the goal of reducing salt intake by 20%by 2030.However,salt intake in China is still at a very high level in the world,with adults reaching 11 g/d,more than twice the recommended limit of 5 g/d.The current policies and action plans of China have targeted catering workers,children,adolescents,and home chefs in salt,oil,and sugar reduction actions.However,there are still obvious deficiencies in the coordinated promotion and implementation.This study,therefore,proposed a set of comprehensive strategies(named CHRPS that is composed of communication and education,salt reduction in home cooking,salt reduction in restaurants,reducing salt content in pre-packaged food,and surveillance and evaluation)and key implementation points for further deepening the salt reduction action in China.These strategies were developed based on the main sources of dietary sodium for Chinese residents,the status of"knowledge,attitude and practice"in salt reduction,evidence of effective intervention measures,existing policies and requirements,and the salt reduction strategies of the World Health Organization and experience from some other countries.As a scientific reference,the CHRPS strategies will help the government and relevant organizations quickly implement salt reduction work and facilitate the earlier realization of China′s salt reduction goal.

关 键 词：减盐 策略 实施方案 

分 类 号：R151.41[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]