日语复合词的通感映射特征分析——以映射模型及语素义变化机制为中心  

A Study on the Features of Synesthesia Mapping with Japanese Compound Words:Centered on the Mapping Model and the Change Mechanism of Morphemic Meaning

作　　者：蔡妍[1] 王安妮 Cai Yan;Wang Anni(Fujian Normal University,China)

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学外国语学院

出　　处：《日语学习与研究》2023年第3期27-38,共12页Journal of Japanese Language Study and Research

基　　金：2022年度国家社会科学基金青年项目“中国日语学习者语用理解与语用表达的动态互动机制研究”(批准号:22CYY052)的阶段研究成果。项目主持人:蔡妍。

摘　　要：日语复合词的通感映射具有显著的双向性,且源域和目标域中五感的分布规律具有跨语种和跨语言单位的共性。复合词中的通感语素在发生映射的同时,语义也会发生变化,呈现“感觉范畴——感情范畴——评价范畴——程度范畴”的特征,抽象程度逐类增强。同时,其语义变化机制的抽象程度也随之递增,并呈现“核心义素的继承→核心义素的抽象化→核心义素的脱落”的特征。构词中的语法关系影响通感映射的方向,通感语素通常由语法关系中承担主动角色的语素来充当。The synesthesia mapping of Japanese compound words has bidirectionality and the distribution of five senses in the source domain and target domain shares the cross-language and cross-language unit feature.The changes of synesthesia morphemes in compound words could lead to semantic changes,which feature"sense category,emotion category,evaluation category,and degree category",moving to abstraction from one category to another.At the same time,the semantic changes mechanism is also becoming more and more abstract.The semantic changing mechanism is characterized by"the inheritance of core morpheme,the abstraction of core morpheme,and the shedding of core morpheme".The grammatical relation in the compound word formation also affects the direction of synesthesia mapping,and the active morpheme in the grammatical relation usually serves as the synesthesia morpheme.

关 键 词：日语复合词 通感映射模型 语素义变化机制 构词类型 

分 类 号：H36[语言文字—日语]