牵引/制动载荷和复杂黏着条件对地铁轮轨动态相互作用影响研究  

Effect of Traction/Braking Loads and Complex Adhesion Conditions on Metro Wheel/Rail Interactions

作　　者：杨云帆[1] 凌亮[1] 张涛 王开云[1] 翟婉明[1] YANG Yunfan;LING Liang;ZHANG Tao;WANG Kaiyun;ZHAI Wanming(State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiao Tong University,Chengdu 610031;National Innovation Center of High Speed Train,Qingdao 266111)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,成都610031 [2]国家高速列车技术创新中心,青岛266111

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2023年第12期284-296,共13页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51735012,52072317,51825504)。

摘　　要：牵引/制动载荷和轮轨黏着条件对轮轨系统动态相互作用影响显著,尤其是轮轨切向作用。基于车辆-轨道耦合动力学理论,建立地铁车辆-板式轨道空间耦合动力学模型;由于轮轨接触斑形状以及接触应力分布实际上呈明显的非赫兹特性,因此建立考虑轮对摇头角的轮轨非赫兹法向接触模型以及相应的轮轨非赫兹蠕滑模型,并用于耦合动力学的轮轨动态相互作用计算中。基于所建立的动力学仿真模型,系统分析牵引/制动载荷以及复杂的轮轨界面黏着条件对轮轨系统动态相互作用的影响。结果表明,牵引/制动载荷和轮轨黏着条件对轮轨切向接触应力及黏-滑区域分布影响显著,在干燥接触条件下,随着牵引/制动载荷的增大轮轨切向应力幅值增大,黏着区域减小,而当牵引/制动载荷较高且轮轨黏着水平较低时,接触斑内表现为全滑动状态。研究结果可为车轮/钢轨异常磨损和型面优化设计进一步研究提供理论基础。Traction/braking efforts and wheel/rail adhesion conditions contribute greatly to wheel/rail dynamic interactions,especial for the tangential interactions.A metro vehicle-slab track spatial coupling dynamics model based on vehicle-track coupled dynamics theory was built in this paper.For the reason that the wheel/rail contact is essentially a non-Hertzian contact issue,a non-Hertzian wheel/rail normal contact algorithm and related non-Hertzian wheel/rail creep model considering the yaw angle of wheelset is applied in the coupled dynamics model.The wheel/rail dynamic interactions with different traction/braking loads and wheel/rail adhesion conditions are discussed by using the performed dynamics model.The simulation results indicate that the traction/braking loads and wheel/rail adhesion conditions have a significant effect on wheel/rail shear stress and adhesion-slip distribution characteristics,in which the wheel/rail shear stress increases and the area of adhesion region reduces with the increase of the traction/braking loads.The adhesion-slip distributions are basically full-slip with large traction/braking loads and low-adhesion contact conditions.The abnormal wheel/rail surface wear and profile optimization design can be further researched based on this simulation results.

关 键 词：地铁车辆 车辆-轨道耦合动力学 非赫兹接触模型 牵引/制动载荷 复杂轮轨黏着条件 轮轨系统动态相互作用 

分 类 号：TG156[金属学及工艺—热处理]