单甘酯对高压均质处理竹笋膳食纤维理化及结构特性的影响  

Effect of glyceryl monostearate on physicochemical and structural properties of dietary fiber from bamboo shoots treated with high-pressure homogenization

作　　者：张益嘉 张甫生[1] 李彬 吴良如 郑炯[1] ZHANG Yijia;ZHANG Fusheng;LI Bin;WU Liangru;ZHENG Jiong(College of Food Science,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Westa College,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Chongqing Academy of Forestry,Chongqing 400036,China;China National Bamboo Research Center,Hangzhou 310012,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学食品科学学院,重庆400715 [2]西南大学西塔学院,重庆400715 [3]重庆市林业科学院,重庆400036 [4]国家林业和草原局竹子研究开发中心,浙江杭州310012

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2023年第15期180-186,共7页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：重庆市科技兴林项目(2021-8,ZD2022-4);贵州省特色林业产业研发项目(2020-28);中央高校基本科研业务费重点项目(XDJK2020B045)。

摘　　要：高压均质(high-pressure homogenization,HPH)是一种能快速减小物料粒径的物理改性方法,但存在高压下团聚的问题。为了改善HPH处理过程中的团聚行为,向HPH处理的竹笋膳食纤维(bamboo shoots dietary fiber,BSDF)中添加单硬脂酸甘油酯(glyceryl monostearate,GMS),分析样品理化与结构特性的变化。结果表明,随着GMS添加量的增大,HPH处理后的粒径先减小后增大,当GMS添加量为1 g/L时,粒径达到最小值430.25 nm,电位绝对值达到最大值32.3 mV,此条件下BSDF的持水力、持油力、膨胀力分别提高了25.18%、32.33%、43.95%。相较于对照组,不同GMS添加量下BSDF的L值先增大后减小,b值显著降低,而a值变化较小。其中,添加量为1 g/L GMS的BSDF组L最大。微观结构分析显示,HPH处理后BSDF呈多分支片状结构,GMS的添加会使BSDF颗粒尺寸减小,分散度、表面平整度增加。GMS的加入不影响HPH处理后BSDF的官能团种类,仅改变部分特征峰的强度。添加GMS不会改变HPH处理过程中BSDF的晶体结构,但晶体有序度会下降,进而导致其热稳定性降低。该研究结果可为BSDF在HPH处理过程中团聚行为的改善及理化与结构特性的调控提供理论依据。High-pressure homogenization(HPH)is an efficient physical modification method which can quickly reduce the particle size of materials,but the material has the problem of agglomeration under high pressure.To improve the agglomeration behavior during HPH treatment,this study analyzed the changes in the physicochemical and structural properties of bamboo shoot dietary fiber treated with HPH by adding glyceryl monostearate.Results showed that with the increase in GMS dosage,the particle size of BSDF first decreased and then increased.When the GMS dosage was 1 g/L,the particle size with HPH treatment reached a minimum of 430.25 nm and the potential reached a maximum of 32.3 mV.Under these conditions,the water holding capacity,oil holding capacity,and expansion capacity of BSDF increased by 25.18%,32.33%,and 43.95%,respectively.Compared with the CK group,L of BSDF firstly increased and then decreased,and b significantly decreased while the effect on a was small under different GMS supplemental levels.Among them,L in the BSDF group with 1 g/L GMS was the largest.The microstructure analysis showed that BSDF showed a multi-branch sheet structure after HPH treatment.The addition of GMS reduced the particle size of BSDF and increased the dispersion and surface smoothness.GMS did not affect the types of functional groups of BSDF after HPH treatment but only changed the intensity of some characteristic peaks.The addition of GMS did not change the crystal structure of BSDF in the HPH treatment process,however,the crystal order decreased,which lead to a decrease in its thermal stability.The results could provide a theoretical basis for the improvement of BSDF agglomeration behavior and the regulation of physicochemical and structural properties during HPH treatment.

关 键 词：竹笋膳食纤维 单甘酯 高压均质 团聚 微观结构 

分 类 号：TS201.2[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]