约束重编程单元数量的忆阻器阵列闭环重映射算法  

A Closed-Loop Remapping Algorithm for Memristor-Based Crossbar with a Constraint on the Number of Reprogramming Cells

作　　者：刘军[1,2] 缪伟伟[1,2] 吴玺 任福继[3] Liu Jun;Miao Weiwei;Wu Xi;Ren Fuji(School of Computer Science and Information Engineering,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230601;Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Affective Computing and Advanced Intelligent Machine,Hefei University of Technology,Hefei 230601;Graduate School of Advanced Technology and Science,University of Tokushima,Tokushima 7708502 Japan)

机构地区：[1]合肥工业大学计算机与信息学院,合肥230601 [2]合肥工业大学情感计算与先进智能机器安徽省重点实验室,合肥230601 [3]Graduate School of Advanced Technology and Science,University of Tokushima Tokushima 7708502 Japan

出　　处：《计算机辅助设计与图形学学报》2023年第6期970-978,共9页Journal of Computer-Aided Design & Computer Graphics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(61834006,62174048,62027815),中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(PA2022GDSK0067).

摘　　要：忆阻器阵列能够有效地加速神经网络中的矩阵运算,但会受到老化的影响,导致忆阻器阵列计算精度不满足要求.为了继续使用忆阻器阵列,提出一种基于重编程忆阻单元数量约束的闭环重映射算法.首先根据忆阻器阵列的老化分布得出行偏差矩阵;然后以行偏差矩阵中的最小值为起始点开始映射,直至重映射关系形成闭环;通过在映射过程中设置行偏差约束,使得重映射后的行偏差总和尽可能小,达到提高计算精度的目的;通过对重编程单元数量进行约束,尽可能减少需要重新编程的忆阻单元数量,减轻重编程造成的忆阻器阵列老化.在Pytorch上采用MINST数据集进行仿真测试的实验结果表明,所提算法不仅能够有效地提高忆阻器阵列的计算精度,而且与国际上同类方法相比,在达到相同计算精度的前提下,最多可以减少75.43%的重编程单元数.Memristor-based crossbar can effectively accelerate matrix-vector multiplication in neural network.However,the accuracy of crossbar may seriously decrease due to aging.Memristor-based crossbar will not meet the requirements of accuracy and cannot be used.To continue using the crossbar,this paper proposes a closed-loop remapping algorithm with a constraint on the number of reprogramming cells.Firstly,the row deviation matrix is obtained according to the aging distribution of memristor-based crossbar.The remapping algorithm starts from the minimum value of row deviation matrix until a closed-loop is formed.With the row deviation constraint during remapping process,the sum of row deviations is as small as possible to improve accuracy.Besides,the number of reprogramming cells can be greatly reduced to alleviate aging of crossbar with a constraint on reprogramming cells.Experimental results show that the proposed technique can effectively improve accuracy.Compared with other techniques,it can also reduce the number of reprogramming cells by up to 75.43%while achieving the same accuracy.

关 键 词：忆阻器阵列 闭环重映射 神经网络 忆阻器老化 

分 类 号：TP389.1[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]