医疗刑法中假定同意的概念辨析及定位  

The Conceptual Analysis and Positioning of Hypothetical Consent in the Medical Criminal Law

作　　者：李璇 许桂敏[1] Li Xuan;Xu Guimin(School of Law,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学法学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《锦州医科大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第4期9-13,共5页Journal of Jinzhou Medical University(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：《中华人民共和国医师法》相较于《侵权责任法》更严格地要求了医生对病患的说明义务,医生未尽完全说明义务可能会导致背负故意伤害罪的处罚。假定同意是使医生免于此种刑事处罚的方案之一;假定同意不属于现实同意,但其作用相当于有效的现实同意。假定同意本质上是适用范围不同的推定同意;假定同意采用的是以事前为情景的事后追溯程序,与事后同意不同;假定同意不宜放置在构成要件该当性层面考虑,可以在违法性层面作为超法规的违法阻却事由。The Physician Law of the People’s Republic of China imposes stricter obligations on doctors to explain to patients than the Tort Liability Law.Failure to fully explain obligations by doctors may result in penalties for intentional injury.Hypothetical consent is one of the options to exempt doctors from such criminal punishment.Hypothetical consent does not belong to real consent,but its effect is equivalent to effective real consent.Hypothetical consent is essentially presumed consent with different scope of application.Hypothetical consent adopts a retrospective procedure based on prior circumstances,which is different from subsequent recognition.Hypothetical consent is not appropriate to be placed at the stage of constitutive elements.It can be considered at the stage of illegality as a ground-breaking legislative stop cause.

关 键 词：假定同意 推定同意 事后同意 因果关系 客观归责 

分 类 号：R05[医药卫生]