护士主导的分级摄食管理模式在脑卒中吞咽障碍病人中的应用  

Application value of nurse-led graded dietary management in stroke patients with dysphagia

作　　者：李丽芳[1] 袁丽秀[1] 肖瑾 黄莉[1] 梁梅梅[1] 梁姗姗[1] LI Li-fang;YUAN Li-xiu;XIAO Jin;HUANG Li;LIANG Mei-mei;LIANG Shan-shan(Department of Rehabilitation Medicine,The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University,Nanning Guangxi 530021,China)

机构地区：[1]广西医科大学第一附属医院康复医学科,广西南宁530021

出　　处：《蚌埠医学院学报》2023年第7期994-996,共3页Journal of Bengbu Medical College

基　　金：广西壮族自治区卫生健康委员会自筹经费科研项目(Z20190706)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨护士主导的分级摄食管理模式在脑卒中吞咽障碍病人中的应用及效果。方法:选取脑卒中吞咽障碍病人100例,按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,各50例。对照组采用以医生为主导的摄食管理,观察组采用护士主导的分级摄食管理。采用洼田饮水试验评价病人吞咽功能,比较2组病人临床疗效及误吸发生率。结果:干预后,观察组吞咽功能(Ⅰ级19例、Ⅱ级18例、Ⅲ级10例、Ⅳ级2例、Ⅴ级1例)较对照组(Ⅰ级8例、Ⅱ级16例、Ⅲ级12例、Ⅳ级11例、Ⅴ级3例)明显改善(P<0.01);观察组临床疗效明显优于对照组(P<0.01),误吸发生率明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:开展护士主导的分级摄食管理,可有效改善脑卒中吞咽障碍病人吞咽功能,提高临床疗效,降低误吸发生率。Objective:To evaluate the application effects of nurse-led graded dietary management in stroke patients with dysphagia.Methods:One hundred stroke patients with dysphagia were randomly divided into the control group and observation group(50 cases in each group).The doctor-led dietary management was given to the control group,and the nurse-led graded dietary management was given to the observation group.The swallowing function in two groups were evaluated using water swallow test.The clinical efficacy and incidence rate of aspiration were compared between two groups.Results:After intervention,the swallowing function of the observation group(gradeⅠ19 cases,gradeⅡ18 cases,gradeⅢ10 cases,gradeⅣ2 cases and gradeⅤ1 case)were significantly improved compared with the control group(gradeⅠ8 cases,gradeⅡ16 cases,gradeⅢ12 cases,gradeⅣ11 cases and gradeⅤ3 cases)(P<0.01).The clinical efficacy in observation group was significantly better than that in control group(P<0.05).The aspiration rate in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.01).Conclusions:The nurse-led graded dietary management can effectively improve the swallowing function of stroke patients with dysphagia,improve clinical efficacy and reduce the incidence rate of aspiration.

关 键 词：脑卒中 吞咽障碍 护士 摄食管理 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R[医药卫生—临床医学]