语言交流中的观点采择  

Perspective Taking in Language Communication

作　　者：张恒超[1] ZHANG Hengchao(School of Law,Tianjin University of Commerce,Tianjin 300134)

机构地区：[1]天津商业大学法学院,天津300134

出　　处：《苏州科技大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第4期81-90,108,共11页Journal of Suzhou University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“交流社会认知”(18FSH014);教育部哲学社会科学研究后期资助项目“交流手势认知研究”(20JHQ091)。

摘　　要：语言交流体现了交流者间的观点采择过程。观点采择有助于交流者准确地理解同伴的思想,并从同伴的角度理解交流内容。观点采择过程既与说者的语言发生过程有关,也与听者的语言理解过程有关。观点采择以“词汇带入”方式建立交流共同基础,它是交流者间的认知校准过程,表现为参照惯例的形成和听者设计特征。未来研究应关注:尝试开发语言交流中观点采择的计算模型;观点采择对交流者移情、合作性和态度的促进;观点采择对交流者动机、记忆和注意过程的影响;观点采择过程中个人认知偏好性和认知共享性之间的权衡关系。Language communication reflects the process of perspective taking among communicators.Perspective taking helps communicators to understand their peers'thoughts accurately and to understand the content of communication from their peers'perspective.The process of perspective taking is related to both the speaker's linguistic process and the listener's linguistic understanding process.Based on a common basis of communication through“lexical entrainment”,perspective taking is a process of cognitive calibration between communicators,which manifests itself in the formation of reference conventions and listener design features.Future research should focus on such aspects as the attempts to develop computational models of perspective taking in language communication,the promotion of perspective taking to communicators'empathy,cooperativeness and attitudes,the effects of perspective taking on communicators'motivation,memory and attention processes,and the trade-offs between individual cognitive preferences and cognitive sharedness in the process of perspective taking.

关 键 词：交流 语言 观点采择 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]