黑水虻作为水产饲料蛋白质原料的研究进展  

Black Soldier Fly(Hermetia illucens)as Protein Raw Material of Aquatic Feed

作　　者：吉红[1] 夏濛 胡泽超 JI Hong;XIA Meng;HU Zechao(College of Animal Science and Technology,Northwest A&F University,Shaanxi Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《饲料工业》2023年第16期1-16,共16页Feed Industry

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”重点专项[2019YFD0900200]

摘　　要：黑水虻(Hermetia illucens)是一种原产于南美洲的腐食性昆虫,它食性广、生长迅速、繁殖能力强,因其幼虫具有蛋白质含量丰富和氨基酸组成均衡等特点,被认为是极具潜力的新型水产饲料蛋白质来源。研究表明,黑水虻作为饲料原料,能够部分甚至完全替代水产饲料中的鱼粉或豆粕,具有良好的应用前景。当前,黑水虻主要以全脂虫粉、脱脂虫粉和预蛹粉等三种形式添加于水产配合饲料中。由于营养特性不同,针对不同的养殖对象应选择相应的黑水虻饲料产品和适宜的添加量,以获得最佳的养殖效果。文章综述了黑水虻的生物学特性、营养价值、影响其生产的因素及其不同产品类型在水产配合饲料中应用的最新研究进展,并就黑水虻产品作为水产饲料蛋白质原料应关注的问题进行了讨论,旨在为其产业建设和高效利用提供参考资料。Black soldier fly(Hermetia illucens,BSF)is a saprovorous insect native to South America.It has the characteristics of wide diet range,rapid growth,strong reproduction ability.Due to its rich pro⁃tein content and balanced amino acid composition,BSF is considered as a source of new aquatic feed protein sources with great potential.It has been showed that as a source of feed ingredient,BSF products can partially or even completely replace fish meal or soybean meal in aquatic animal feed,and has a good application prospect in aquaculture industry.Currently,BSF is mainly added to the aquatic feed in the form of three protein raw materials:full-fat BSF larvae meal,defatted BSF larvae meal and pre-pupa meal.Due to the different nutritional characteristics,different BSF feed products and appropriate addition level should be selected for different breeding objects to obtain the best breeding results.This paper re⁃viewed the biological characteristics,nutritional value,factors affecting its production and the latest prog⁃ress in the application of different product types of BSF protein raw material in aquatic feed,and pros⁃pected the application prospect of BSF products as protein raw materials in aquatic feed,aiming to provide reference for its industrial application.

关 键 词：黑水虻 蛋白源 水产饲料 水产养殖动物 营养价值 

分 类 号：S816.4[农业科学—饲料科学]