路地纠葛:光绪前中期的筑路争议与洋务派的因应  

Disputes over Railway and Land:The Controversy of Railway Construction and the Response of Westernization Group in the Early and Middle Guangxu Period

作　　者：陈明亮 CHEN Mingliang

机构地区：[1]广东技术师范大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《西南交通大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第4期59-72,共14页Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：2022年广州市哲学社会科学规划课题“广东南海县邝孙谋与清末民初铁路发展研究”(2022GZGJ274)。

摘　　要：光绪前中期,清廷内部围绕修筑铁路的问题发生了激烈争论。路地关系作为1880-1881年、1888-1889年两次争论中的重要议题,是时人论证是否兴办铁路的重要依据。保守派以铁路占地必定对地方社会产生消极影响为由反对修筑铁路,洋务派则从路线选择、占地类型、占地面积、防弊举措等方面反复辩驳,指出铁路占地不会造成地方社会动荡。为减缓推广铁路的阻力,洋务派在试办铁路的实际购地过程中也尽量减少铁路占地的消极影响。洋务派与保守派在路地关系上的认知差异以及洋务派疲于应付保守派驳难的状况,折射出近代中国铁路移植初期的内部困境。In the early and middle stages of Guangxu Period,there was a heated debate within the Qing court about the construction of railways.The relationship between railway construction and land occupation,as an important issue in the debates in 1880-1881 and 1888-1889,was significant for the arguments whether to build railways.The Conservatives opposed the construction of railways on the grounds that the occupation of land would inevitably exert a negative impact on local social stability,while the Westernization Group repeatedly argued from the aspects of route selection,types and areas of occupied land,and measures to eliminate drawbacks,pointing out the land occupation for railway construction would not cause local social unrest.In order to reduce the resistance to railway construction,the Westernization Group also tried to minimize the negative impact of land occupation during the actual land purchase for the trial railway.The cognitive differences between the Westernization Group and the Conservatives in the relationship between railway construction and land occupation,as well as the situation where the Westernization Group had been struggling to cope with the challenges posed by the Conservatives,reflected the internal difficulties in the early stages of railway construction in Modern China.

关 键 词：中国铁路史 保守派 洋务派 路地关系 李鸿章 唐胥铁路 津沽铁路 津通铁路 

分 类 号：D691[政治法律—政治学] K252[政治法律—中外政治制度]