基于悬浮切削原理的胚芽米加工试验研究  

Experimental study of germ rice processing based on suspension cutting

作　　者：蔡健荣[1] 程欣 白竣文[1] 孙力[1] CAI Jianrong;CHEN Xin;BAI Junwen;SUN Li(School of Food and Biological Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang 212013,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学食品与生物工程学院,江苏镇江212013

出　　处：《包装与食品机械》2023年第4期1-6,共6页Packaging and Food Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51975259)。

摘　　要：针对传统碾米机加工室间隙小,大米在加工过程中承受碾磨压力大,导致胚芽脱落和碎米多等问题,提出基于刀辊切削原理的无碾压全营养米加工技术。首先,将切削刀辊的刀头设计成6线数螺旋分布,用于糙米皮层的切削加工;其次,将加工室间隙扩大到大米长度的3~4倍,以避免加工过程对大米产生刚性碾压;最后,每个刀头的根部设计3 mm径向喷风小孔,保证切削后的大米快速易位和排糠。为保证刀辊旋转产生的作用力不产生碎米,采用静力学方法估算糙米的机械力学特性;为满足糙米悬浮切削要求,计算糙米悬浮参数和进气风压范围。仿真计算表明,当刀辊直径为130 mm时,转速<981.21 r/min可保证大米不破碎;风速为31.95 m/s可保证糙米悬浮,悬浮压强范围为12.69~79.59 Pa;风压<1500 Pa时可保证正常进料。加工试验表明,在无出口压力状态下,经4道循环加工后,大米留胚率>80%,实测能耗<6 kW·h/t。研究结果为米机结构设计和加工参数选择提供理论依据。In view of the small clearance in the processing chamber of the traditional rice mill,and the high crushing pressure of the rice during the processing process,which will cause germ comeoff and more broken rice,a non-rolling rice processing technology based on the mechanism of cutting knife roller was proposed.Firstly,the cutting head of the cutting knife roller was designed into a spiral distribution of 6 lines for the cutting of brown rice skin;Secondly,the gap between the processing chamber was expanded to 3~4 times of the length of the rice to avoid rigid crushing of the rice during the processing process;Finally,a 3 mm radial blast hole was designed at the root of each head to ensure fast displacement and chaff discharge of the cut rice.In order to ensure that the force generated by the knife roller rotation does not produce broken rice,the mechanical properties of the brown rice were measured by static tests.In order to meet the requirements of brown rice suspension cutting,the suspension parameters and inlet air pressure range were calculated.The results show that the rotational speed range to ensure the rice is not broken is<981.21 r/min when the diameter of cutting knife roller is 130 mm;the velocity that can guarantee suspension of the brown rice is 31.95 m/s,and the suspension pressure range is 12.69-79.59 Pa;normal feeding can be ensured when the wind pressure is less than 1500 Pa.The processing tests show that the rate of rice germ retention is more than 80%after four processing procedures under the condition of no outlet pressure,and the measured energy consumption is<6 kW·h/t.The research results provide a theoretical basis for the structure design of the rice machine and the selection of processing parameters.

关 键 词：稻谷 悬浮切削 力学特性 风压 

分 类 号：TS210.4[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]