35份软枣猕猴桃资源果实品质分析与综合评价  

Quality analysis and comprehensive evaluation of 35 Actinidia argute accessions

作　　者：何艳丽[1] 秦红艳[1] 温锦丽 范书田[1] 杨义明[1] 张宝香[1] 曹炜玉 路文鹏[1] 李昌禹[1] HE Yani;QIN Hongyan;WEN Jini;FAN Shutian;YANG Yiming;ZHANG Baoxiang;CAO Weiyu;LU Wenpeng;LI Changyu(Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences of CAAS,Changchun 130112,Jilin,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院特产研究所,长春130112

出　　处：《果树学报》2023年第8期1523-1533,共11页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：吉林省发展和改革委员会(2022C037-2);长春市科技发展计划项目(21ZGN09);中国农业科学院创新工程(201409);中国农业科学院特产研究所软枣猕猴桃、五味子国家林木种质库。

摘　　要：【目的】综合评价软枣猕猴桃资源果实品质,建立果实品质评价体系,为筛选优良软枣猕猴桃资源提供依据。【方法】以35份软枣猕猴桃资源果实为试验材料,分析测定果实21项品质指标,采用系统性描述、相关性分析、主成分分析和因子分析法,对果实外观品质和营养成分进行分析和综合评价。【结果】不同资源软枣猕猴桃果实的各项指标存在差异,SH5的横径、L^(*)、可溶性固形物含量、固酸比、原果胶与果胶含量,SH1的单果质量、纵径、果形指数与还原糖含量,B080701的可滴定酸含量和可溶性糖含量,B070101的可滴定酸含量,B080401的维生素C含量显著高于其他材料;各品质指标存在一定的相关性;通过主成分分析对35份软枣猕猴桃资源的主要果实品质指标进行简化,从13项指标中提取了5个主成分,累计贡献率达到76.782%。【结论】通过变异系数分析、相关性分析与主成分分析筛选出可滴定酸含量、可溶性固形物含量、出汁率、单宁含量、a^(*)、单果质量、可溶性糖含量和维生素C含量作为软枣猕猴桃果实品质评价的核心指标;通过因子分析法筛选出SH5、SH1、SH3、SH4、B080701为排名前5的优良软枣猕猴桃资源。【Objective】The fruit quality of Actinidia argute was evaluated comprehensively,and a fruit quality evaluation system was established for selecting excellent resources of A.argute.【Methods】Fruits of 35 A.argute were used as the test materials for determining the fruit appearance quality and 21 other quality indexes.The appearance quality indexes included fruit shape,fruit color,shoulder shape and fruit tip shape,and the 21 quality indexes included single fruit mass,transverse diameter,longitudinal diameter,fruit shape index,fruit color values(L^(*),a^(*),b^(*) and c^(*)),soluble solids content(SSC),titratable acids(TA),solid to acid ratio,soluble sugars,vitamin C,soluble proteins,juice yield,pH,reducing sugars,tannins,soluble pectin,protopectin and pectin.Systematic description,correlation analysis,principal component analysis and factor analysis were used to analyze and evaluate the fruit appearance quality and nutrient composition.【Results】The single fruit quality of SH1,SH5 and A130701 was significantly higher than that of most of the materials by significance difference analysis.The transverse diameters of SH5,A100101,SH1,and T060203 were the highest and in the range of 2.90 to 3.12 cm and had no significant difference.The longitudinal diameter of SH1,A130701,SH5 and A140301 was significantly higher than that of the other accessions.The fruit shape index of A130701,SH1 and SH2 was the highest,and there was no significant difference.The L^(*) of SH5 and SH2 was significantly higher than that of the other materials,indicating that the fruits of SH5 and SH2 were whiter and brighter.The a^(*)values of A191002 and B080401 were higher,while their b^(*) and c^(*) values were lower,indicating that the fruit color of these two accessions was more greenish and the color saturation was lower.The internal fruit quality of different A.argute is also different.SH5,SH3 and SH1 had the highest soluble solids in the range of 16.50%-17.73%.Titratable acid content of B070101 and B080701 was the highest but had no sig

关 键 词：软枣猕猴桃 果实品质 主成分分析 综合评价 

分 类 号：S663.4[农业科学—果树学]