荔枝新品种玲珑荔枝的选育  

Breeding report of a new litchi cultivar Linglong Litchi

作　　者：凡超[1] 肖维强[1] 刘伟[1] 匡石滋[1] 金峰 孟祥春[1] 蒋侬辉[1] 向旭[1] FAN Chao;XIAO Weiqiang;LIU Wei;KUANG Shizi;JIN Feng;MENG Xiangchun;JIANG Nonghui;XIANG Xu(Institute of Fruit Tree Research,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization(Ministry of Aagriculture and Rural Affairs)/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院果树研究所·农业农村部南亚热带果树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室·广东省热带亚热带果树研究重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《果树学报》2023年第8期1779-1783,共5页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1000900);2021年中央财政生产发展资金(粤农农计[2021]11号);广东省乡村振兴战略专项资金(403-2018-XMZC-0002-90);2022年省级农业科技发展及资源环境保护管理项目(2022KJ107);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目(2020A1515010356)。

摘　　要：玲珑荔枝为实生优选获得的晚熟荔枝新品种。其树势强健、树姿较开张;果实为心形,果皮鲜红色,龟裂片大;果肉白色半透明、肉质爽脆、味甜清香;平均单果质量21.7 g,最大单果质量27 g,果形指数0.9;焦核率可达84.64%,可食率最高为83.4%;可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)19.3%,总糖含量16.1%,总酸含量2.0 g·kg^(-1),维生素C含量305.0 mg·kg^(-1),品质好。在广东普宁地区果实成熟期一般在6月中旬至7月中上旬,采收期较长;花穗呈锥形,花量大,平均每穗1200朵。相对于风吹寮荔枝,抗病性和抗逆性增强,裂果率降低。该品种具有晚熟、丰产稳产、果皮鲜红、品质优良、可食率高、焦核率高等特点,适宜在粤东、粤中荔枝产区种植,高接换种后第三年即可投产,平均每666.7 m^(2)产量为639.8 kg。A novel late-maturing litchi variety called Linglong Litchi was chosen in Guangdong from an open-pollinated seedling(the tree is over 100 years old).It possesses a number of advantageous qualities,including a long maturation time,a high and steady yield,a bright red pericarp,excellent quality,high edibility and a high scorch rate.The tree was discovered in 2001 in Chigangshan village,Chigang town,Puning city.To assess their stability,we tracked the key economic variables,biological parameters,fruit quality and yield of the native cultivar from 2014 to 2019 for five consecutive years.Additionally,molecular markers confirmed its distinction from other litchi types.It was granted the name Linglong Litchi and received a certification from the Guangdong Crop Variety Approval Committee in November 2020.Linglong Litchi has a large and rounded crown as well as thick and rigid branches that radiate outward from the center.The tree is medium-sized,standing 2.59 to 2.82 meters in height on average.The panicle is 35.8 cm long and 18.5 cm wide,with 1200 flowers gathering together on average.The lanceolate leaves are 9.6-10.2 cm in length and 2.9-3.2 cm in width.The fruit is long heart-shaped,and the flesh is white,transparent,crispy and sweet with a brilliant scarlet pericarp.The maximum fruit weight is up to 27 g,while the average single fruit is 21.7 g.The brown seeds have a longitudinal diameter of 1.78-2.10 cm and a cross diameter of 1.10-1.62 cm.The fruit shape index is 0.9.The edible rate is 83.4%,while the abortion rate is 84.64%.The fruit has a hardness of 1.49 kg·cm^(-2),a soluble solids content of 19.3%,a total sugar content of 16.1%,a total acid content of 2.0 g·kg^(-1)and 305.0 mg·kg^(-1)of vitamin C.Compared to the Fengchuiliao Litchi,Linglong Litchi grows more vigorously,is more resistant to stress and disease,and may thrive in less favorable environmental circumstances.The average fruit cracking rate is 2.5%,which is comparable to the 2.7% of Huaizhi Litchi but significantly lower than 5.8% of Fengfengliao L

关 键 词：荔枝 新品种 玲珑荔枝 

分 类 号：S667.1[农业科学—果树学]