联营汉墓遗址出土植物遗存的鉴定与分析  

Identification and Analysis of Plant Remains Excavated from the Lianying Site During the Han Dynasty

作　　者：王晓静 李则斌[2] 夏晶 李亚萍[4] 靳桂云[4] Wang Xiaojing;Li Zebin;Xia Jing;Li Yaping;Jin Guiyun

机构地区：[1]青岛市西海岸新区博物馆 [2]南京博物院 [3]仪征市博物馆 [4]山东大学文化遗产研究院

出　　处：《农业考古》2023年第4期30-38,共9页Agricultural Archaeology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“基于环境与农业的鲁北地区龙山文化人地关系研究”(项目编号:41771230)。

摘　　要：2017年至2019年,南京博物院考古研究所联合扬州市文物考古研究所、仪征市博物馆对联营区域家族墓地进行了考古勘探与发掘。共发掘汉代墓葬121座,祭祀坑19座,出土陶器、铜器、玉器、漆木器等各类文物2300余件。初步确定该区域为西汉家族墓地,有自己家族的规划埋葬区域,时代由西汉早期延续至西汉晚期。本文分析的植物材料来自本次发掘过程中的M77,时代为西汉早中期,绝对年代为公元前130年左右。经过采样、提取和鉴定工作,发现植物大遗存种类主要为水稻、粟、黍、大麻、豆科等,另绝大多数植物遗存仍然鲜亮,表明汉代联营地区墓中随葬农作物符合当时葬仪的最高规格,同时使用八种不同的农作物,即黍、粟、麦、粱、稻、麻、大豆和小豆,为研究联营汉墓随葬粮食种类及方式、认识汉代丧葬观念和社会生活等问题提供了珍贵的实物资料。From 2017 to 2019,the Institute of Archaeology at the Nanjing Museum,in collaboration with the Yangzhou Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology and the Yizheng Museum,conducted archaeological exploration and excavation of family cemeteries in Lianying site.A total of 121 tombs and 19 sacrificial pits of the Han dynasty were been excavated,and over 2,300 cultural relics such as pottery,bronze,jade,and lacquer ware were unearthed.It has been preliminarily determined that this area was the family cemeteries of the Western Han Dynasty with the planned burial area,and continued from the early Western Han Dynasty to the late Western Han Dynasty.The plant materials analyzed were from M77 during the excavation process,dating back to the early and middle Western Han Dynasty,with an absolute time of around 130 BC.After sampling,extraction and identification,it is found that the major plant remains are rice,millet,broomcorn millet,hemp,legumes,etc.,and most of the plant remains are still bright,which indicates that the burial crops in the tombs of the Han Dynasty met the highest standards of burial rites at that time.At the same time,eight different crops were used,namely broomcorn millet,millet,wheat,sorghum,rice,hemp,soybeans and adzuki beans,which provides valuable physical information for studying the types and methods of grain buried in Han tombs of Lianying site and understanding the concepts of funeral and social life in the Han Dynasty.

关 键 词：联营汉墓 汉代 植物遗存 丧葬习俗 

分 类 号：K876[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]