轨道交通封站条件下应急疏散车辆路径优化  

Route optimization for emergency evacuation vehicles in case of rail station closure

作　　者：张仪果 屈云超 尹浩东 吴建军[1] ZHANG Yiguo;QU Yunchao;YIN Haodong;WU Jianjun(State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学轨道交通控制与安全国家重点实验室,北京100044

出　　处：《山东科学》2023年第4期80-88,共9页Shandong Science

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金-丰台轨道交通前沿研究联合基金(L221006)。

摘　　要：针对轨道交通封站条件下站外滞留乘客需要应急疏散的现实需求,设计了一种疏散服务模式,在保证滞留旅客有效疏散的前提下,允许线路沿途旅客搭乘以提高车辆的利用效率。以车辆运营成本和乘客时间成本之和最小为优化目标,建立应急疏散车辆路径优化模型,根据问题特点改进自适应大邻域搜索算法进行模型求解。最后,结合北京市城市交通数据,对应急疏散车辆进行路线设计并进行灵敏度分析,用算例验证了模型与算法的有效性。结果表明,相较于最短路径疏散方案,模型的优化结果节省了15.02%的乘客乘车时间,能够在保证乘客出行体验的前提下实现对站点滞留乘客的快速疏散,提升封站事件下轨道交通应急管理的精细化水平。To address the problem of emergency evacuation of stranded passengers outside a rail station in case of its closure,this paper designs an evacuation route map,which allows passengers along the line to avail the emergency evacuation vehicles and facilitates the overall evacuation process.To minimize the total cost of vehicle operation and passenger time,this work proposes a route optimization model for emergency evacuation vehicles and improves the adaptive large neighborhood search algorithm to implement the model based on the characteristics of the problem.Finally,based on the urban traffic data of Beijing,we designed routes for emergency evacuation vehicles,analyzed their sensitivity,and verified the model and algorithm with specific examples.The results show that compared with the shortest route algorithm,the optimization results of the proposed model can reduce passengers′travelling time by 15.02%,allowing them to evacuate rapidly while ensuring their experience and improving emergency management systems in case of rail station closure.

关 键 词：城市轨道交通 应急疏散 车辆路径问题 轨道交通封站 自适应大邻域搜索算法 

分 类 号：U491.12[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]