我国特殊教育师资供需矛盾及改革探析  

Exploring the Contradiction between Supply and Demand of Special Education Teachers and Reform in China

作　　者：赵斌[1] 张燕 张瀚文 ZHAO Bin;ZHANG Yan;ZHANG Hanwen(Faculty of Education,Southwest University,Chongqing,400715;Yanxiang School of Yanta District in Xi'an,Xi'an,710000)

机构地区：[1]西南大学教育学部,重庆400715 [2]西安市雁塔区雁祥学校,西安710000

出　　处：《中国特殊教育》2023年第6期82-88,共7页Chinese Journal of Special Education

基　　金：中国高等教育学会2022年高等教育科学研究规划重大课题“专业认证背景下特殊教育师范专业建设研究”(课题编号:22TS0101)。

摘　　要：特殊教育师资是保障特殊儿童享有公平而有质量教育的关键,也是“办好特殊教育”的最直接保障。新时代特殊教育发展需要特殊教育教师能够应对多类特殊儿童不同需求,既能直接从事又能指导融合教育工作,具备职业生涯发展规划能力,秉持热忱深厚的特殊教育情怀。高等师范院校作为我国特殊教育师资最主要的供给侧,其现有的培养目标、课程设置、培养模式、评价体系等方面与当前实践对特殊教育教师素质的需求之间存在矛盾,阻碍了特殊教育的充分发展及其与普通教育的平衡发展。特殊教育师资的供给侧改革是解决这些矛盾的最佳切入点。通过科学制定培养目标、合理设置课程内容、浸润特教专业情怀、优化高校师资队伍,能够提升我国特殊教育师资培养质量,促进我国特殊教育高质量发展。Special education teachers are the key to ensuring that children with special needs can enjoy equal and quality education,and are the most direct guarantee for improving the quality of special education.The development of special education in the new era needs special education teachers who can cope with the different needs of special children,who can work in and guide inclusive education,who have the ability to plan for career development,and who uphold a deep passion for special education.As the main supply side of special education teachers in China,there are contradictions between the existing training requirements,curriculum,training mode and evaluation system and the current demand for special education teachers,which hinders the full development of special education itself and the balanced development of special education and general education.The supply-side reform of special education teachers is the best entry point to solve these contradictions.By scientifically formulating the pre-service training objectives,reasonably setting the curriculum contents,imbibing the professional sentiments of special education,and optimizing the teacher team in colleges and universities,the qualities of special education teacher pre-service training and the connotative development of special education in China can be promoted.

关 键 词：特殊教育师资 供需矛盾 需求侧 供给侧 

分 类 号：G760[文化科学—特殊教育学]