2016-2020年山东省济宁市中小学生食源性疾病流行特征及病原学分析  

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics and pathogen of foodborne diseases among primary and secondary school students in Jining city,Shandong province from 2016 to 2020

作　　者：李为为[1] 胡继民 李荣华[1] 郭潇潇 赵素华 LI Wei-wei;HU Ji-min;LI Rong-hua;GUO Xiao-xiao;ZHAO Su-hua(Section of Public Health Monitoring and Evaluation,Jininig City Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jining,Shandong 272000,China;Jining Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospita)

机构地区：[1]济宁市疾病预防控制中心公共卫生监测评价科,山东272000 [2]济宁市中医院

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2023年第6期415-418,共4页Preventive Medicine Tribune

基　　金：山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(2019WS094)。

摘　　要：目的 了解2016-2020年山东省济宁市中小学生食源性疾病流行学特征并进行病原学分析,为科学开展中小学生食源性疾病的防控提供依据。方法 收集2016-2020年山东省济宁市哨点医院就诊的中小学生食源性疾病病例基本信息,进行描述流行病学分析。采集邹城市人民医院同期就诊的中小学生食源性疾病主动监测病例的粪便或肛拭子,进行诺如病毒和致病菌(沙门氏菌、志贺氏菌、副溶血性弧菌、致泻大肠埃希氏菌)检测分析,分析中小学生食源性疾病流行特征以及不同时间、不同学段、不同暴露场所病原体检出情况。结果 2016-2020年山东省济宁市共报告中小学生食源性疾病病例17 740例,夏季是高发季节(40.36%);小学生是好发群体(48.94%);不同年份不同学段病例报告情况比较,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=240.59,P<0.05);可疑进食场所主要是家庭(82.97%);可疑食品主要是水果及其制品(28.59%)。19份标本检出病原体,总检出率为12.18%,诺如病毒检出率最高(6.41%),不同病原体检出率比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.35,P<0.05);高中生病原体检出率最高(19.44%),不同学段中小学生病原体检出率比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.71,P<0.05)。结论 2016-2020年山东省济宁市中小学生食源性疾病高发季节为夏季,进食场所以家庭为主,主要的病原体为诺如病毒和致泻大肠埃希氏菌。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of food-borne diseases among primary and middle school students in Jining city,Shandong province from 2016 to 2020,and to conduct etiological analysis,so as to provide basis for scientific prevention and control of food-borne diseases among primary and middle school students.MNethods Basic information on foodborne diseases among primary and secondary school students treated in sentinel hospitals from 2016 to 2020 was collected.Descriptive epidemiological analysis was performed,and active surveillance of foodborne diseases among primary and secondary school students was conducted at Zoucheng People's Hospital.The study involved the detection of norovirus and pathogenic bacteria(Salmonella,Shigella,Vibrio parahaemolyticus,and diarrheal Escherichia coli).The epidemiological characteristics of foodborne diseases among primary and secondary school students were analyzed,along with the detection of pathogens at different time,grades,and exposure places.Results From 2016 to 2020,a total of 17740 cases of foodborne diseases among primary and secondary school students were reported in Jining city,Shandong province.The highest number of cases was reported during summer,accounting for 40.36%of the total.The primary school group had the highest number of cases,accounting for 48.94%.There were statistically significant differences in the reported cases among different years and grades(χ^(2)=240.59,P<0.05).The majority of foodborne disease outbreaks occurred at home,accounting for 82.97%.Suspected food items were mainly fruits and derived products,accounting for 28.59%.A total of 19 pathogens were detected through active surveillance(12.18%),with norovirus being the most frequently detected pathogen,accounting for 6.41%.There were significant differences in the distribution of different pathogens(χ^(2)=7.35,P<0.05).The pathogen detectionrate was highest among highschool students(19.44%),and the difference in pathogen detection rates among different grades was statis

关 键 词：食源性疾病 主动监测 中小学生 病原体 流行特征 

分 类 号：R155.3[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]