“专精特新”战略、家族涉入与技术创新  

"Specialized-Fined-Peculiar-Innovative" Strategy,Family Involvement and Technological Innovation

作　　者：罗福凯[1] 狄盈馨 李启佳 Luo Fukai;Di Yingxin;Li Qijia(Management College,Ocean University of China;School of Economics,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学管理学院 [2]中国海洋大学经济学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《科技进步与对策》2023年第16期130-141,共12页Science & Technology Progress and Policy

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项基金项目(202213003);教育部人文社科规划项目(18YJC630178)。

摘　　要：利用前3批入选专精特新“小巨人”上市家族企业2010-2020年样本数据,基于与发达国家“隐形冠军”企业及中国普通创新型企业的对比,探讨“专精特新”战略和家族治理特质对技术创新的影响,分析家族企业实施“专精特新”战略的财务特征和竞争优势。研究发现:“专精特新”战略带来的市场竞争力、研发人员投入和政府补贴优势,有利于提高企业技术创新水平,而家族管理涉入会阻碍技术创新发展,除非家族管理成员具有高水平学历背景;“专精特新”企业比普通创新型企业拥有更大的价值贡献优势,并且持续技术创新需要稳定合法的市场化外部环境。“Specialized-fined-peculiar-innovative” enterprises(hereinafter referred to as SFPI)are small and medium companies that adhere to focused and distinguished strategies,and take innovation as the core development power,and they are similar to the "hidden champion" enterprises.However,the SFPI enterprises are mostly in the infancy,and far behind the "hidden champion" in developed countries such as Germany.Thus,they cannot just copy the successful experience of the "hidden champion",and must formulate development strategies and plan in combination with the localization situation.In addition,SFPI enterprises in China are dominated by family groups,and family management involvement has substantial influences on technological innovation,but few literatures pay attention to the family nature of SFPI enterprises.According to Simon′s research,strong market competitiveness,robust internal finance and large quantities of RD staff are critical advantages for technological innovation of “hidden champion” enterprises.SFPI enterprises also follow the concentrated and differentiated strategies.Are there similar driving factors for their technological innovation?This paper mainly considers three factors:market competitiveness,RD personnel input and government subsidy.Besides,the influence of family involvement on technology innovation can not be ignored.In view of the long-term contractual relationship,family controllers would try their best to play the role of good managers and support technological innovation.While as self-interested economic men,family managers would take opportunistic behaviors,like embezzling RD funds,practicing nepotism,and weakening capital and talent bases of technological innovation.Furthermore,technological innovation is the key driving force of enterprise value growth,and SFPI enterprises may have greater value contributions.Additionally,external environment could exert uncertain effects on innovation decisions of SFPI enterprises.The uncertainty and marketization degree are two important aspe

关 键 词：家族企业 “专精特新”战略 家族涉入 技术创新 外部环境 

分 类 号：F276.5[经济管理—企业管理]