β-胡萝卜素强化剂对卤虫体内类胡萝卜素组成的影响  

Effects ofβ-carotene enrichment on the carotenoid composition of Artemia

作　　者：陈慧聪 王茜 薛毓才 王伟隆 黄旭雄[1,2,3] CHEN Huicong;WANG Xi;XUE Yucai;WANG Weilong;HUANG Xuxiong(National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Egineering Research Center for Aquaculture,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center for Cultivating Elite Breeds and Greenculture ofAquatic Animals,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学,水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学,上海市水产养殖工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [3]上海市水产动物良种创制与绿色养殖协同创新中心,上海201306

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2023年第3期340-351,共12页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：沪农科推字(2019)第2~5号;国家自然科学基金项目(31902385);中国博士后科学基金面上资助(219724)。

摘　　要：为探究β-胡萝卜素强化对卤虫(Artemia)体内类胡萝卜素组成和含量的影响,以渤海湾卤虫为研究对象,设置5个β-胡萝卜素强化剂梯度(1、3、5、7、9mg·L^(-1)),并设1个不添加β-胡萝卜素的对照组,分析添加不同浓度β-胡萝卜素强化剂对卤虫无节幼体和成虫体内类胡萝卜素组成和含量变化的影响。结果表明,营养强化后,卤虫体内检测到β-胡萝卜素、角黄素和海胆酮3种类胡萝卜素;卤虫无节幼体和成虫体内β-胡萝卜素含量随着强化剂量增大显著上升(P<0.05);无节幼体体内海胆酮和成虫体内角黄素含量变化大致上与β-胡萝卜素强化剂梯度变化表现出显著相关性(P<0.05)。饥饿12h后,强化组体内β-胡萝卜素含量明显下降,但依然显著高于对照组(P<0.05),表现出较好的富集效果。因此,通过营养强化的卤虫,不仅可以作为外源类胡萝卜素的生物载体,还可以利用其体内代谢转化,为养殖苗种提供多级类胡萝卜素营养。Carotenoids are synthesized by microorganisms and then gradually accumulated by zooplankton,crustaceans,and fish through food chain.In intensive aquaculture,the community structure changes result in a single food chain and less effective pigment sources,causing carotenoid deficiency in aquaculture objects.The addition of carotenoids in feed can effectively improve the lack of color,odor,fragrance,poor disease resistance,and low reproductive ability of aquatic animals.Currently,carotenoids added in aquatic animal feed are mainly carotene(mainlyβ-carotene)and lutein(mainly kryptoxanthin,echinenone,zeaxanthin,canthaxanthin,and astaxanthin)two categories.Previous studies have shown that aquatic animals can not synthesize carotenoids themselves and can only store or transform carotenoids from feed and deposit them in the body.Due to the abundant algae and bacteria that can synthesize carotenoids in the growth environment of wild aquatic animals,stress changes in body color and immune activity caused by severe carotenoid deficiency usually do not occur during the growth.However,in high-density intensive farming,there are limited effective pigment sources in artificial compound feed,which irreversibly leads to severe shortage of carotenoid.Long-term carotenoid deficiency directly or indirectly leads to abnormal body color,flavor,and poor disease resistance of cultured objects.Studies have shown that crustaceans can meet their nutritional requirements for carotenoids through metabolic transformation of different exogenous carotenoids.In the process of metabolic transformation,the alternating action of ketolase and hydroxylase also produces many different complementary pathways for the intermediate products.So far,the critical enzyme genes required in the transformation pathway of carotenoid metabolism have only been systematically and deeply studied in a few microorganisms that can synthesize astaxanthin themselves,and there are limited relevant studies involving crustaceans.β-carotene,has high bioactivity and can prev

关 键 词：卤虫 无节幼体 成虫 Β-胡萝卜素 营养强化 

分 类 号：S963.73[农业科学—水产养殖]