叶色变异茶树生理生化特征及其变异机制的研究进展  

Research progress on the physiological and biochemical characteristics and mechanism of leaf color heteromorphosis in tea plants(Camellia sinensis L.)

作　　者：沈周高 谢应华 范晓娟 杨天元 SHEN Zhougao;XIE Yinghua;FAN Xiaojuan;YANG Tianyuan(School of Tea and Food Science&Technology,State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学茶与食品科技学院,茶树生物学与资源利用国家重点实验室,合肥230036

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2023年第4期582-594,共13页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1001601);“茶产业关键技术研究与应用示范”(2021YFD1601100);安徽省科技重大专项(202103b06020024),安徽省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项,安徽农业大学省级和校级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(S202110364012,202110364105)共同资助。

摘　　要：叶色变异是植物界普遍存在的现象,受外界环境因子和遗传因素共同调控。茶树作为一种多年生叶用经济作物,叶色是不同品种间差异显著且易于观察和利用的表型性状。芽叶颜色变异茶树品种是重要的茶树种质资源,其新梢中叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、茶多酚类、氨基酸类、咖啡碱和花青素等重要的生化成分含量与普通正常绿色茶树品种存在显著差异,这些差异的生化成分对茶树的生长发育、抗逆性、适制性及茶叶品质等均有重要影响。本文综述了目前茶树芽叶颜色变异类型、生化成分差异、变异机制、种质资源鉴别及开发利用等方面的研究进展,旨在为茶树芽叶颜色变异领域的相关研究提供参考。Leaf color variation,is a widespread phenomenon in the plant kingdom,and is regulated by both en-vironment and genetics.As a perennial leafy cash crop,leaf color is a phenotypic character that varies significantly among tea varieties,and is easy to observe and exploit.Tea varieties with leaf color variation are important germplasm resources with significant differences in the contents of key biochemical components such as chloro-phylls,carotenoids,tea polyphenols,amino acids,caffeine and anthocyanins compared with that of normal green tea varieties,and these differential biochemical components have an important impact on the growth and development,stress resistance,tea quality and the suitability of tea processing.Current researches on leaf color variation in tea plants are mainly focused on the variation of quality components and the mechanism of leaf color variation.In this paper,we reviewed the current research progress on the types of leaf color variation of tea cultivars,some important biochemical components,variation mechanism of tea color,germplasm resource identification and exploitation,with a view to providing some references for the relevant research in the field of leaf color variation of tea plants.

关 键 词：茶树 种质资源 茶树叶色变异 生化成分 叶色变异机制 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]