两种方法制备的蛹虫草多糖特性及体外生物活性对比分析  

Comparative Analysis of Characteristics and in Vitro Biological Activities of Cordyceps militaris Polysaccharide Prepared by Two Methods

作　　者：顾丹丹[1] 侯静宇 张金秀[2] 王立安[2] GU Dandan;HOU Jingyu;ZHANG Jinxiu;WANG Lian(College of Chemical Engineering,Shijiazhuang University,Shijiazhuang 050035,China;College of Life Sciences,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050024,China)

机构地区：[1]石家庄学院化工学院,河北石家庄050035 [2]河北师范大学生命科学学院,河北石家庄050024

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2023年第18期76-83,共8页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(21326315D)。

摘　　要：本研究以蛹虫草发酵液为材料,采用壳聚糖絮凝法和水提醇沉法分别制备了絮凝多糖(XDT)和醇沉多糖(CDT),并对两种方法制备所得多糖的得率、各组分含量、平均粒径和复溶性进行了对比分析,利用扫描电镜、傅里叶红外光谱和刚果红实验对其微观结构、官能团和空间构象进行表征,利用DPPH、超氧阴离子和羟自由基清除能力评价其抗氧化活性,以α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制率评价其降血糖活性,以HepG2细胞增殖抑制率评价其抗肿瘤活性。结果表明:壳聚糖絮凝法制备多糖得率为3.58%,是醇沉法的1.91倍;两种多糖在扫描电镜下的微观结构存在差异,在红外光谱下吸收图谱相似,但XDT比CDT具有更多的三螺旋结构;XDT的平均粒径更小,复溶速度更快;体外抗氧化实验表明,在相同浓度下,对DPPH、超氧阴离子和羟自由基的清除能力,均表现为XDT>CDT;体外抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性实验表明,低浓度时,两种多糖的抑制率没有显著性差异,但随着浓度增加,在相同条件下,XDT的抑制活性明显强于CDT;体外抑制肿瘤细胞增殖能力实验表明,在相同处理浓度下,XDT对HepG2细胞的增殖抑制作用优于CDT。综上,壳聚糖絮凝法制备的蛹虫草多糖得率更高、平均粒径更小、复溶性更佳,XDT具备较强的体外抗氧化、降血糖和抗肿瘤活性。Cordyceps militaris polysaccharides from the fermentation broth were prepared via chitosan flocculation and water extraction and alcohol precipitation methods to obtain the flocculated polysaccharide(XDT)and alcohol precipitation polysaccharide(CDT)respectively.The extraction yields,component content,average particle sizes and solubility of XDT and CDT were comparatively investigated.The microstructures,functional groups and spatial conformations were characterized by scanning electron microscopy,Fourier infrared spectroscopy and Congo red assay.The antioxidant activity was evaluated by scavenging ability of DPPH,superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical.The hypoglycemic activity was estimated byα-glucosidase inhibitory ability,and the antitumor cell activity was analyzed by inhibition of HepG2 cell proliferation.The results showed a yield of 3.58%for XDT,1.91 times that of CDT.CDT and XDT exhibited different microstructures under electron microscopy,and similar absorption patterns under infrared spectrum,while XDT contained more triple helix structures than CDT.XDT displayed smaller average particle sizes but a faster dissolution rate than CDT.In vitro antioxidant tests showed that XDT exhibited significantly higher scavenging ability of DPPH,superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical than CDT at the same concentration.There was no significant difference between the XDT and CDT in the inhibition ofα-glucosidase at low concentration,but XDT showed significantly higher inhibition than CDT as the increase of concentration.XDT was found to be a stronger inhibitor of HepG2 cells proliferation than CDT at the same treatment concentration.In summary,XDT showed higher yields,smaller average particle sizes,faster solubility,and higher antioxidant,hypoglycemic,and antitumor activity in vitro.

关 键 词：蛹虫草 多糖 壳聚糖絮凝法 水提醇沉法 结构特征 生物活性 

分 类 号：TQ281[化学工程—有机化工]