“教授”考释——词语的东亚环流与词义变迁  

Research on Ancient Chinese Term“Professor”-Its Semantic Change and Circulation in Eastern Asia

作　　者：朱棠[1] ZHU Tang

机构地区：[1]湖南科技大学外国语学院,湖南湘潭411201

出　　处：《东北亚外语研究》2023年第3期58-70,共13页Foreign Language Research in Northeast Asia

基　　金：湖南省哲学社会科学基金项目“《湘报》中日同形词的语义演变及其原因研究”(19YBA148)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：中国近代教育体制转型时期涌现出一批重要术语。本文以“教授”为例,利用中日词源辞典、汉外/日外辞典、《申报》及《朝日新闻》等数据库,考察“教授”的词源、词义变迁,探讨该词在中日间的互动及传播。研究发现,“教授”源自汉籍,它随着中国典籍传入日本后,大约在19世纪70年代被赋予了“高校职称名”A number of important terms emerged during the transformation period of modern educational system in China.Taking“professor”as an example,this paper makes a research on the etymology and semantic change and the interaction and dissemination between China and Japan,basing on the databases such as Sino-Japanese Etymological Dictionary,Chinese/Japanese Foreign Dictionary,Shun Pao,Asahi Shimbun etc.The study found that“professor”originated from Han Chinese,and after it was introduced to Japan with Chinese classics,it was endowed the modern new meaning of“university title”in the 1970s.At the end of the 19th century,the term“professor”returned to China with a new meaning in the form of a loanword,which became the key word in the construction of China’s modern university system and is still used today.

关 键 词：教授 词义变迁 日语借义词 东亚环流 译词 

分 类 号：H06[语言文字—语言学]