解释水平对不公平事件判断的影响:公平敏感性的调节作用  

The Influence of Construal Levels on the Judgment of Unfair Event:The Moderating Effect of Fairness Sensitivity

作　　者：牛冰钰 黄俊 李晔[1,2] 周兵平 宫剑 海曼[1,2] Niu Bingyu;Huang Jun;Li Ye;Zhou Bingping;Gong Jian;Hai Man(School of Psychology,Central China Normal University,Wuhan,430079;Key Laboratory of Adolescent Cyberpsychology and Behavior(CCNU),Ministry of Education,Wuhan,430079;Xiamen Wuyuan No.2 Experimental School,Xiamen,361015)

机构地区：[1]华中师范大学心理学院,武汉430079 [2]青少年网络心理与行为教育部重点实验室,武汉430079 [3]厦门五缘第二实验学校,厦门361015

出　　处：《心理科学》2023年第4期881-888,共8页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.71771102)的资助。

摘　　要：为了考察解释水平对不公平事件判断的影响及公平敏感性的调节作用,3个研究使用问卷测量公平敏感性,通过社会、时间和空间距离操纵解释水平,结果发现:(1)相较于低解释水平,个体在高解释水平下将不公平事件判断为更不公平,即判断更严格;(2)公平敏感性起调节作用,对于高公平敏感性个体,两种解释水平对不公平事件判断的影响没有差异,但对于低公平敏感性个体,采用高解释水平比采用低解释水平对不公平事件判断更严格。Although fairness has been widely accepted,individuals’judgments about the fairness of events are not set in stone.Based on the construallevel theory,we examined individuals’judgments of unfair events under different social,temporal,and spatial distance contexts.Since previous work has found inconsistent results on the effect of construal levels on judgments,we proposed two possible hypotheses:“higher-level construals derived strict judgment hypothesis”,and“lower-level construals derived strict judgment hypothesis”.Given the important influence of individual fairness sensitivity on fairness judgments,we also examined the moderating role of fairness sensitivity in the relation between construal levels and unfair event judgments.Three studies were conducted,which manipulated the construal levels by social distance(e.g.,the distance between the actor who made the unfair event and the participants themselves),temporal distance(e.g.,the distance between the unfair event and present time),and spatial distance(e.g.,the distance between the unfair event and present space),respectively.Each study included 2 sub-experiments.To improve external validity and attenuate the interference of material familiarity,experiments a and b in each study used two typical unfairness events,respectively.That is,a teacher giving one student sympathy scores for his grades which was familiarity with student participants,and the phenomenon of hiring nepotism which was relatively unfamiliar with student participants.Six experiments in 3 studies consistently supported the“higher-level construals derived strict judgment hypothesis”.That is,individuals judged the unfair event more unfair when they adopted higher-level construals compared to lower-level construals.These consistent findings from social distance,temporal distance,and spatial distance studies indicated our results were robust,which addressed the first purpose of our study.Additionally,6 experiments also found the moderating effect of fairness sensitivity between constr

关 键 词：不公平事件判断 解释水平 心理距离 公平敏感性 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]