脱贫民族地区易灾农户脆弱性诊断与返贫致贫风险治理——以西南地区M苗族自治县为例  

The Vulnerability Diagnosis of Disaster-prone Rural Households and Risk Governance of Relapse into Poverty in Poverty-alleviated Ethnic Minority Regions—A Case Study of M Miao Autonomous County in Southwest China

作　　者：邵侃[1] SHAO Kan(Humanities School,Jishou University,Jishou 416000,Hunan China)

机构地区：[1]吉首大学人文学院,湖南吉首416000

出　　处：《吉首大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第4期89-99,共11页Journal of Jishou University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(20BMZ163,20XMZ091);湖南省哲学社会科学基金项目(19YBA275,19YBA276)。

摘　　要：脱贫民族地区自然灾害易发频发,成为新时期稳定脱贫和乡村振兴面临的重大课题。在气象、地质、地形、人类活动等多重因素影响下发生的自然灾害,造成易灾农户普遍存在较高返贫致贫风险,其脆弱性根源在于自然资本、公共资本、物质资本、人力资本、社会资本和金融资本所构成的应灾资本存量匮乏且弱环突出。在向韧性治理转型的历史趋势下,灾害治理和返贫致贫风险治理应回归“以人为本”的治理范式,通过制度设计和流程再造,培育和打造“韧性小农”与“韧性乡村”,全方位、持续性提升易灾农户应灾资本存量和结构化应灾能力,进而从根本上遏制返贫致贫问题。The frequent occurrence of natural disasters in ethnic minority regions that have been lifted out of poverty has become a major task for poverty alleviation and rural revitalization in the new era.Natural disasters under the influence of multiple factors such as meteorology,geology,topography and human activities generally lead to a high risk of relapse into poverty for disaster-prone rural households.The root of their vulnerability lies in the shortage and incomplete of coping capital stock composed of natural capital,public capital,physical capital,human capital,social capital and financial capital.Under the historical trend of the transition to resilient governance,the governance of disasters and relapse into poverty should return to people-oriented paradigm.Through the system design and process reengineering,we can cultivate and build"resilient small farmers"and"resilient villages",comprehensively and continuously improve the stock of disaster capital and structured disaster response capacity of disaster-prone farmers,so as to fundamentally curb the problem of relapse into poverty.

关 键 词：民族地区 易灾农户 返贫致贫 风险治理 韧性乡村 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济] D422.6[政治法律—政治学]