王骥德“曲”“事”结合机制论  

The Confluence of Melody and Narrative in Wang Jide's Theory

作　　者：刘二永 LIU Er-yong(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Shanxi Normal University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030031,China)

机构地区：[1]山西师范大学文学院,太原030031

出　　处：《山西师大学报（社会科学版）》2023年第5期106-112,共7页Journal of Shanxi Normal University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(18CB166);中国博士后科学基金面上资助项目(2022M711991)。

摘　　要：“曲”与“事”的结合是剧戏创作中的关键问题,但元人更多关注作词与演唱技法,对其中之“事”思考较少。入明后,因传奇叙事体量的增大,“事”这一要素逐渐引起剧论家们的关注。王骥德为曲立法时意识到,对于剧戏而言,为其曲立法必然会涉及“曲”与“事”的关系。对此,他一方面从剧戏创作中的音乐结构、用调、用语等方面揭橥出“曲依事”的结合关系;另一方面又从曲体视角对传奇的故事内容、情节结构、节奏、详略等方面提出要求,揭示了曲体对叙事的制约。这是戏曲理论史上较早全面、自觉思考“曲”与“事”结合关系的论说,对此后戏曲理论的发展有着重要影响。这些理论的揭示对于我们重新审视王骥德的成就以及认识戏曲创作的特殊性等都具有重要意义。The confluence of melody and narrative stands as a pivotal concern within the realm of theatrical composition.However,in the Yuan Dynasty,greater emphasis was placed on lyrics and vocal techniques,with less contemplation on the narrative aspect.In the Ming Dynasty,as the scope of legendary storytelling expanded,schol⁃ars of drama gradually began to direct their focus on the narrative element.While formulating laws for musical com⁃position,Wang Jide recognized that legislating melody for theatrical plays inevitably entailed a profound interplay between melody and narrative.On one hand,he expounded upon the fusion of“melody following narrative”through an exploration of musical structure,tonal patterns,and language usage in theatrical creation.On the other hand,he presented requirements from a melodic perspective,encompassing the content of legendary stories,plot structure,rhythm,and level of detail,thereby unveiling the constraints imposed by melody on storytelling.This discourse represents an early and comprehensive exploration of the integration between melody and narrative in the annals of theatrical theory,exerting a profound influence on the subsequent development of dramatic theory.The revelations stemming from these theories have significant implications for reevaluating Wang Jide's accomplishments and comprehending the distinctiveness of theatrical creation.

关 键 词：王骥德 曲体 曲事结合 剧论 

分 类 号：I053[文学—文学理论]