不同生长阶段金柑果实中类黄酮等活性物质含量差异分析  

Analysis of difference in content of flavonoids and other active substances in fruits of kumquat at different growth stages

作　　者：尹会平 王夜梅 李江南 赵希娟 张耀海[1] 王成秋[1] 焦必宁[1] YIN Huiping;WANG Yemei;LI Jiangnan;ZHAO Xijuan;ZHANG Yaohai;WANG Chengqiu;JIAO Bining(Quality Supervision and Testing Center for Citrus and Seedling,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Laboratory of Risk Assessment for Citrus Quality and Safety,Citrus Research Institute,Southwest University/Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chongqing 400712,China;College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院/西南大学柑桔研究所,农业农村部柑桔产品质量安全风险评估实验室,农业农村部柑桔及苗木质量监督检验测试中心,重庆400712 [2]西南大学园艺园林学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《食品与发酵工业》2023年第17期274-282,I0011-I0015,共14页Food and Fermentation Industries

基　　金：国家农产品质量安全风险评估项目(GJFP20210204);国家现代农业(柑桔)产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-26)。

摘　　要：为探究金柑果实发育过程中类黄酮含量、酚酸含量、类柠檬苦素、生物碱及香豆素含量的动态变化规律及含量差异,以不同生长期8个金柑品种全果为研究对象,采用超高效液相色谱串联三重四极杆质谱法分析其5类生物活性成分含量变化及差异。结果表明,9~12月份期间,在8个品种金柑果实中共检测到85种生物活性成分,包括48种类黄酮(黄酮、多甲氧基黄酮为主),9种酚酸(绿原酸、芥子酸)、3种类柠檬苦素(柠檬苦素为主),5种生物碱(N-甲基酪胺、酪胺为主)和20种香豆素(滨蒿内酯为主);随着果实的膨大,花后35~125 d金柑果实中类黄酮、类柠檬苦素、生物碱总含量随着成熟度的增加而急剧减少,花后95 d左右趋于平缓;发育过程中金柑果实的酚酸、香豆素总含量变化差异显著;8个金柑品种中,金柑杂种的总类黄酮含量最高,但其金柑特有类黄酮金柑苷含量极少,其他7种金柑中总类黄酮含量均以金柑苷为主,含量占类黄酮总量的26.08%~79.08%。该研究建立了金柑苷检测方法,研究结果明确了金柑果实不同生长时期的生物活性成分差异,为金柑果实资源的综合利用以及保健品开发提供了数据支撑。To explore the dynamic changes and content differences of flavonoids,phenolic acids,limonoids,alkaloids,and coumarins during the development of kumquat fruit,the content changes and differences of five bioactive components in the whole fruit of 8 kumquat varieties at different growth stages were analyzed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem triple quadrupole mass spectrometry.Results showed that from September to December,85 bioactive components were detected in 8 varieties of kumquat fruits,including 48 flavonoids(mainly flavonoids and polymethoxyflavones),9 phenolic acids(mainly chlorogenic acid and erucic acid),3 limonin(mainly limonin),5 biogenic bases(mainly N-methyl tyramine and tyramine),and 20 coumarins(mainly artemisinin).With the fruit expansion,the total contents of flavonoids,limonoids,and alkaloids in kumquat fruit decreased sharply with the increase of maturity 35-125 days after anthesis and tended to be flat about 95 days after anthesis.The contents of phenolic acid and coumarin in kumquat fruits varied significantly during development.Among the eight kumquat varieties,the content of total flavonoids in kumquat hybrids was the highest,but the content of kumquat glycosides was very small.The content of total flavonoids in the other seven kumquat varieties was mainly kumquat glycosides,accounting for 26.08%-79.08%of the total flavonoids.In this study,the detection method of kumquat glycosides was established,and the results confirmed the differences in bioactive components in kumquat fruit at different growth stages,which provided data support for the comprehensive utilization of kumquat fruit resources and the development of health products.

关 键 词：不同生长阶段 超高效液相色谱串联三重四极杆质谱法 金柑 生物活性成分 差异分析 

分 类 号：O657.63[理学—分析化学] S666[理学—化学]