无氰无铬化学退除钢制零件保护电镀层的应用技术研究  

Research on the Application Technology of Cyanide-free and Chromium-free Chemical Removal of Protective Electroplated Coatings on Steel Parts

作　　者：黄鑫 潘鹤 王鸥 喻岚 袁景追 唐华 HUANG Xin;PAN He;WANG Ou;YU Lan;YUAN Jing-zhui;TANG Hua(AECC Guizhou Honglin Aviation Power Control Technology Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang Guizhou 550009,China;A Military Representative Office of the 93147 Unit of the People's Liberation Army,Guiyang Guizhou 550000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航发贵州红林航空动力控制科技有限公司,贵州贵阳550009 [2]中国人民解放军93147部队某军代表室,贵州贵阳550000

出　　处：《热处理技术与装备》2023年第4期23-27,31,共6页Heat Treatment Technology and Equipment

摘　　要：针对结构复杂特别是多孔盲孔钢制零件,局部化学热处理时往往需要采用镀铜层或先预镀镍再镀铜等来保护非渗面,待化学热处理完成后,传统采用铬酐去除表面电镀层已无法满足目前的绿色环保要求。通过对化学退除电镀层机理进行分析,以及对不同基体镀铜厚度的试片及典型件和镀镍、镀镉试验件进行了退除工艺的试验及分析。结果表明,所配制的化学退除镀铜槽液配方,环保无氰无铬,无二次重金属污染,退除效果好,对钢制零件基体无腐蚀,退镀废液易处理,化学退除工艺操作简捷方便,流动性好,当采用温度40~50℃+空气搅拌的方式可极大提升其退除速度,最高可达18.6μm/h,此配方在复合镀镍-铜、镍-镉也有较好的退除效果。For complex structure,especially porous and blind steel parts,when the local chemical heat treatment often need to use copper plating layer or pre-nickel plating followed by copper plating etc.,to protect the non-permeable surface,after the chemical heat treatment is completed,the traditional use of chromium anhydride to remove the surface electroplating layer can not meet the current green and environmental requirements.Through the analysis of the mechanism of chemical removal of electroplating layer,and the removal process of the test pieces and typical parts of copper plating on different substrates and nickel plating and cadmium plating test pieces are tested and analyzed.The results show that the chemical removal of copper plating bath formula is environmentally friendly,no cyanogen,no chromium,has no secondary heavy metal pollution.The removal effect is good,and there is no corrosion to steel parts matrix.The removal waste liquid is easy to treat,and the chemical removal process is simple and convenient to operate.The fluidity is good.When using the temperature of 40 to 50℃ and air stirring,the removal speed can be greatly improved,with a maximum of 18.6μm/h.This formula also has good removal effect in composite nickel-copper and nickel-cadmium plating.

关 键 词：钢制零件 化学退除 无铬 无氰 电镀层 

分 类 号：TQ153.14[化学工程—电化学工业]