蓝莓果实挥发物对黑腹果蝇的引诱效果研究  

Attraction effect of blueberry fruit volatiles to Drosophila melanogaster

作　　者：袁鸿宇 刘丹 徐芳玲[1,2] YUAN Hongyu;LIU Dan;XU Fangling(College of Forestry,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Research Center for Biodiversity and Nature Conservation,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Tongren Academy of Forestry,Guizhou Province,Tongren 554300,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学林学院,贵州贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学生物多样性与自然保护研究中心,贵州贵阳550025 [3]贵州省铜仁市林业科学院,贵州铜仁554300

出　　处：《中国森林病虫》2023年第5期14-18,共5页Forest Pest and Disease

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目“蓝莓主要病虫害绿色防控技术研究示范-1”(黔科合支撑[2016]2565-1号)。

摘　　要：为明确蓝莓Vaccinium spp.果实挥发物对黑腹果蝇Drosophila melanogaster的引诱效果,探寻基于寄主植物挥发物的化学生态调控技术。通过色度法判别蓝莓果实成熟程度,采用气相色谱—质谱联用方法分析不同成熟度蓝莓果实浸提液的成分和含量变化,利用Y型嗅觉仪探究蓝莓果实挥发性化合物对黑腹果蝇的引诱效果。结果表明:蓝莓果实成熟度依据其色度范围值聚类分为未熟果、半熟果及成熟果,不同成熟度蓝莓果实挥发物中共含有21种化合物,主要含有苯类、萜烯类、酯类、醇类、醛类物质,以醇类、醛类和酯类物质为主;除甲苯表现为一定的驱避性外,其他20种成分均表现出一定的引诱效果;引诱效果最好的是叶醇和氧化芳樟醇,引诱率为92.49%和91.32%,其次为3-戊酮和异戊酸甲酯引诱率分别为89.07%和87.97%,而乙酸叶醇酯的引诱率也可达到81.60%。该结果可为开发黑腹果蝇的植物源引诱剂提供参考。In order to determine the attractive effect of Vaccinium spp.fruit volatiles on Drosophila melanogaster,the chemical ecological regulation technology based on host plant volatiles was explored.The chroma method was used to determine the maturity of blueberry fruits.The composition and content changes of blueberry fruit extracts with different maturity were analyzed by gas chromatography−mass spectrometry.The attractive effect of volatile components of blueberry fruits on D.melanogaster was investigated by“Y”type olfactory instrument.The results showed that blueberry fruit ripeness was divided into unripe fruit,semi-ripe fruit and ripe fruit according to its chromaticity range value clustering.There were a total of 21 compounds in the volatiles of blueberry fruits with different maturity levels,mainly benzene,terpenes,esters,alcohols and aldehydes,with alcohols,aldehydes and esters being the majority.In addition to toluene,the other 20 components showed a certain attractant effect.The best attracting effect of leaf alcohol and linalool oxide had a lure rate of 92.49%and 91.32%,followed by 3-pentanone and methyl isovalerate,with a lure rate of 89.07%and 87.97%,respectively,while the attraction rate of cis−3−hexenyl acetate reached 81.60%.The results of this study can provide reference for the development of plant-derived attractants for D.melanogaster.

关 键 词：黑腹果蝇 蓝莓 果实成熟度 挥发性成分 引诱效果 

分 类 号：S763.41[农业科学—森林保护学]