基于图像处理的河流相储层边缘特征增强方法研究  

Research on the Edge Feature Enhancement of Fluvial Reservoirs Based on Image Processing

作　　者：张军华[1,2] 胡逸甫 于正军[3] 任瑞军[3] 刘烜良 ZHANG Junhua;HU Yifu;YU Zhengjun;REN Ruijun;LIU Xuanliang(School of Geosciences,China University of Petroleum,Qingdao 266580,China;National Key Laboratory of Deep Oil and Gas,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao 266580,China;Geophysical Research Institute of Shengli Oil Field Branch,SINOPEC,Dongying 257022,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)地球科学与技术学院,山东青岛266580 [2]深层油气全国重点实验室(中国石油大学(华东)),山东青岛266580 [3]中国石化胜利油田分公司物探研究院,山东东营257022

出　　处：《CT理论与应用研究（中英文）》2023年第4期450-460,共11页Computerized Tomography Theory and Applications

摘　　要：河道边缘的识别是河流相储层精细描述的重点。受河道叠置、交叉,砂体厚度薄,地震信噪比、分辨率低等因素影响,传统的切片解释、相干技术难以满足精细勘探的需求,新发展的基于算子处理的边缘检测仍存在应用误区。本文以分析河道边缘的几何特征为切入点,明确一阶导数、模值及二阶导数的物理含义;建立具有不同速度特征的三维河道模型,并通过模型与实际资料相干属性的提取,指出该项技术在河道精细描述中存在的问题。针对该问题以Sobel算子为例,图解说明使用此项技术处理后河道边缘的标志性特征,提出采用直方图均衡化与模糊集理论的河道边缘相干增强技术,并取得较好的应用效果。该方法技术对深化河道边缘特征的认识,提高河流相储层识别能力,有一定的借鉴作用。The identification of channel edge is the key aspect of fine description of fluvial reservoirs.Affected by the factors such as channel overlaying and crossing,thin sand body thickness,low seismic signal-to-noise ratio,and low resolution,the traditional slice interpretation and coherence technology can barely meet the requirements of fine exploration,and the newly developed edge detection based on operator processing still has application misconceptions.In this study,the geometric characteristics of river edges are analyzed as the entry point,and the physical meanings of first derivatives,module values,and second derivatives are clarified.Three-dimensional channel models with different velocity characteristics are established by extracting the coherence attributes of the model and real data;the existing problems of this technique in the fine description of channels are identified.To solve this problem,considering the Sobel operator as an example,the symbolic characteristics of the channel edge after using this technology are illustrated.The coherent enhancement technique for channel edge identification using histogram equalization and the fuzzy set theory is proposed,and good application results are obtained.This method can be used as reference to deepen the understanding of channel edge characteristics and improve the ability to identify fluvial reservoirs.

关 键 词：河流相储层 边缘特征 SOBEL算子 直方图均衡化 模糊增强 

分 类 号：O242[理学—计算数学] P631[理学—数学] P315[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]