随机风荷载下桥塔区域中高速列车运行安全分析  

Safety Analysis of High-speed Train Operation in Bridge Tower Area under Random Wind Loads

作　　者：章芝霖 杜礼明[1] 张文岚 李梓豪 ZHANG Zhiin;DU Liming;ZHANG Wenan;LI Zihao(School of Locomotive and Rolling Stock Engineering,Dalian Jiaotong University,Dalian 116028,China)

机构地区：[1]大连交通大学机车车辆工程学院,大连116028

出　　处：《铁道标准设计》2023年第9期101-109,共9页Railway Standard Design

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(11872136);辽宁省自然科学基金项目(201602112)。

摘　　要：为探讨随机侧风下桥塔遮风效应对列车运行安全的影响,建立了某型高速列车-桥塔系统的气动仿真模型和车辆动力学模型,分析桥塔环境中列车在恒定侧风和随机侧风下的气动特征,并以脱轨系数、轮重减载率、轮轨横向力、轮轨垂向力为安全性能指标,研究随机侧风对列车运行的安全影响。结果表明,宽度较小的桥塔(不大于车厢长度)对列车运行的安全影响很小,风速和风模型对列车行车安全影响强于列车时速,随机风对列车安全性的影响具有滞后性;随机风对行车安全的影响强于恒定侧风,平均风速为15 m/s时,随机侧风下的安全性参数最大值比恒定侧风至少高3.12%;根据安全性参数标准差,随机风下气动载荷波动和安全性参数的波动更强,且随着平均风速的增加,安全参数的波动程度增大;当随机风的平均风速不超过10 m/s时,列车以速度250 km/h可安全行驶。In order to explore the influence of bridge tower wind shielding effect on the safety of train operation under random crosswind loads,the aerodynamic simulation model and train dynamics model for a high-speed train and bridge tower system are established to analyze the aerodynamic characteristics and derailment coefficient under constant crosswind and random crosswind,and analyze the impact of random crosswind on train operation based on such safety performance indexes of the train in the bridge tower environment as wheel load reduction rate,wheel rail lateral force are wheel rail vertical force.The results indicate that:the bridge tower of width less than that of the train carriage has little effect on the safety of train operation;compared with train speed,wind speed and wind model have stronger influence on train driving safety;the influence of random wind on train safety is of hysteresis;compared with the constant crosswind,the influence of random wind on driving safety is stronger;as the train speed is lower than 250 km/h,under random crosswind,the maximum value of safety parameters is at least 3.12%higher than that under constant crosswind;according to the standard deviation of safety parameters,the volatility of aerodynamic load and safety parameters under random wind is more drastic than that under constant wind;the fluctuation degree of safety parameters increases with the increase of the average wind speed;and when the average wind speed of random wind is not higher than 10 m/s,the train can run safely at 250 km/h.

关 键 词：高速列车 随机风荷载 桥塔 安全性 仿真模型 

分 类 号：U238[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U271.91[机械工程—车辆工程] U292.91[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]