青少年抑郁情绪与童年心理创伤及母亲妊娠期疾病的相关性  

Relationship between adolescent depressive symptoms with childhood psychological trauma and maternal pregnancy

作　　者：王牮[1,2] 李光芸 许树才 WANG Jian;LI Guangyun;XU Shucai(Psychological Trauma Ward of Wuhan Mental Health Center,Wuhan(430022),China;不详)

机构地区：[1]湖北省武汉市精神卫生中心心理创伤病区,430022 [2]中国地质大学心理科学与健康研究中心 [3]湖北省中西医结合医院肿瘤科

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2023年第8期1165-1168,1173,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的探讨青少年抑郁情绪与童年心理创伤及母亲妊娠期疾病的关系,旨在为制定青少年心理健康发展规划提供科学依据。方法2022年1—7月,采用分层整群抽样的方法抽取武汉市2092名中小学生,以问卷调查的形式了解青少年抑郁情绪、童年心理创伤、母亲妊娠期疾病情况,并分析影响青少年抑郁情绪的因素。结果出现抑郁情绪的青少年139名(6.64%)。抑郁组童年期创伤问卷(CTQ)评分为(57.49±6.85)分,未抑郁组为(46.28±5.96)分,差异有统计学意义(t=21.14,P<0.05),母亲妊娠期高血压、糖尿病、胆汁淤积症、甲状腺功能减退/亢进、贫血、病毒性肝炎发生率分别为11.51%,9.35%,7.19%,7.91%,9.35%,3.60%;未抑郁组分别为5.79%,4.71%,3.64%,3.07%,4.30%,1.18%,差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为7.35,5.87,4.42,9.28,7.49,5.75,P值均<0.05)。青少年抑郁情绪报告率在不同学习压力程度间差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=16.04,P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,母亲妊娠期高血压(OR=5.04,95%CI=2.07~12.24)、糖尿病(OR=4.49,95%CI=1.85~10.91)、甲状腺功能减退/亢进(OR=4.01,95%CI=1.65~9.74)、贫血(OR=3.68,95%CI=1.51~8.94),青少年学习压力大(OR=3.52,95%CI=1.45~8.56)、CTQ评分(OR=4.63,95%CI=1.91~11.26)与青少年抑郁情绪呈正相关(P值均<0.05)。结论青少年抑郁情绪可能与学习压力大、童年心理创伤及母亲妊娠期高血压、糖尿病、甲状腺功能异常、贫血有关。相关部门应针对以上因素采取相关措施,降低青少年抑郁发生风险。Objective To explore the relationship between adolescent depressive symptoms,childhood psychological trauma and maternal illness during pregnancy,so as to provide scientific busis for the development of adolescent mental health.Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was employed to select 2092 primary and secondary school students in Wuhan City from January to July 2022.Questionnaires were administered to investigate adolescent depressive symptoms,childhood psychological trauma,and maternal illness during pregnancy.The influencing factors of adolescent depression were analyzed.Results A total of 139 adolescents reported depressive symptoms.The childhood trauma questionnaire(CTQ)score of the depression group was(57.49±6.85),and the score in adolescents without depression group was(46.28±5.96)(t=21.14,P<0.05).Among the maternal diseases during pregnancy,hypertension accounted for 11.51%,diabetes 9.35%,cholestasis 7.19%,hypothyroidism/hyperthyroidism 7.91%,anemia 9.35%and viral hepatitis 3.60%in depression group,5.79%,4.71%,3.64%,3.07%,4.30%,1.18%in the group without depression,respectively,and the differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=7.35,5.87,4.42,9.28,7.49,5.75,P<0.05).The proportion of academic stress in the depressed group and non-depressed group were 61.15%and 46.34%,respectively,and was statistically significant(χ^(2)=16.04,P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gestational hypertension(OR=5.04,95%CI=2.07-12.24),diabetes mellitus(OR=4.49,95%CI=1.85-10.91),anemia(OR=3.68,95%CI=1.51-8.94),high academic stress(OR=3.52,95%CI=1.45-8.56)and the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire(OR=4.63,95%CI=1.91-11.26)were the risk factors of depression in adolescents(P<0.05).Conclusion Adolescent depression may be due to high academic stress,childhood psychological trauma,maternal hypertension,diabetes,thyroid dysfunction and anemia in pregnancy.It is suggested that relevant departments provide appropriate measures to reduce the risk of adolescent depression.

关 键 词：抑郁 精神卫生 母亲 妊娠 疾病 回归分析 青少年 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] R179[哲学宗教—心理学] R744.25[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]