儿童及青少年分化型甲状腺癌临床及分子特征研究现状  

Status in clinical and molecular characteristics of differentiated thyroid carcinoma in children and adolescents

作　　者：王志宏[1] 张浩[1] Wang Zhihong;Zhang Hao(Department of Thyroid Surgery,the First Hospital of China Medical University,Shenyang 110001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学附属第一医院甲状腺外科,沈阳110001

出　　处：《中华外科杂志》2023年第9期744-748,共5页Chinese Journal of Surgery

基　　金：辽宁省应用基础研究计划(2022020225-JH2/1013);沈阳市科技计划(21-173-9-31)。

摘　　要：儿童及青少年分化型甲状腺癌在流行病学、临床特征及分子特征方面与成人相比存在许多差异。其发病率极低,具有较高的淋巴结转移率、腺外侵犯率和复发率,但病死率低于成人。低龄患儿往往表现出更高的复发率、更多的淋巴结转移和腺外侵犯。此外,针对分子特征的研究结果提示,基因变异的多样性造成了儿童及青少年分化型甲状腺癌不同于成人的临床表现,基因融合的发生率明显高于成人,点突变的发生率低于成人,可能与肿瘤的高侵袭性等临床病理学特征及不良预后紧密相关。The epidemiological,clinical,and molecular characteristics of differentiated thyroid carcinoma(DTC)in children and adolescents are different from those in adults.The incidence of DTC in children and adolescents is very low,with high rates of lymph node metastasis,extra-thyroidal extension and recurrence,but mortality is lower than that in adults.Younger children with DTC tend to show a higher rate of recurrence,more lymph node metastases,and more extra-thyroidal extension.Furthermore,studies on molecular characteristics suggest that the diversity of gene mutations causes the clinical manifestations of DTC in children and adolescents that are different from those in adults.The incidence of gene fusion is significantly higher than in adults,while the incidence of point mutations is lower than in adults,which may be closely related to clinicopathological characteristics such as high tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis.

关 键 词：甲状腺肿瘤 儿童 青少年 分化型甲状腺癌 流行病学 临床特征 分子特征 

分 类 号：R736.1[医药卫生—肿瘤]