求解多目标车辆路径优化的改进蚁群算法研究  

Research on Improved Ant Colony Algorithm for Multi-Objective Vehicle Path Optimization

作　　者：陈高华[1] 郗传松 CHENG Gao-hua;XI Chuan-song(School of Electronic Information Engineering,Taiyuan University of Science and Technology,Shanxi Taiyuan 030024,China)

机构地区：[1]太原科技大学电子信息工程学院,山西太原030024

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2023年第9期231-236,共6页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：山西省重点研发计划项目(201903D121137)。

摘　　要：针对降低物流配送过程中产生的配送总成本和碳排放量这一研究目标,在带软时间窗和容量限制的车辆路径优化问题上,综合考虑了车辆载重、行驶速度和行驶距离等因素,提出了一种以配送总成本最低、碳排放量最少的多目标车辆路径优化模型。并对该模型设计了改进蚁群算法来求解,算法首先在初始信息素的生成和路径转移规则等环节进行了改进,然后引入新的信息素更新公式和混沌扰动机制来更新路径上的信息素,最后利用研究算例对模型和算法进行测试,结果表明:多目标模型能更好的兼顾物流配送中的配送总成本和碳排放量,与经典蚁群算法相比,改进蚁群算法在配送总成本上平均节省了6.5%、碳排放量上平均节省了3.5%,验证了所提方法的有效性。To reduce occurring in the process of logistics distribution costs and carbon emissions are the research target,in the soft time Windows and vehicle routing optimization problem on capacity limits,considering the factors such as vehicle load,speed and distance,an ipmproved ant colony algorithm was designed to solve the model.Firstly,the algorithm was improved in the genera⁃tion of initial pheromone and path transition rule.Then,the new pheromone updating formula and chaos disturbance mechanism was introduced to update the pheromone trails.Finally,the model and algotrithm can be tested by research case the algorithm first⁃ly in the generation of the initial pheromone and path transition rule is improved,and the introduction of the new pheromone up⁃dating formula and chaos disturbance mechanism for updating the pheromone trails,finally reuse research case to test the model and algorithm,the results show that the multiple target model can better logistics not only the total distribution costs and carbon emissions,compared with classical ant colony algorithm,the improved ant colony algorithm in the total distribution costs saved by an average of 6.5%,the average savings on carbon emissions by 3.5%,to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关 键 词：物流配送 改进蚁群算法 多目标 车辆路径优化 信息素更新 碳排放 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TP3[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]