我国中小学教师减负政策的执行阻滞与推进策略——基于史密斯政策执行模型的分析  

Execution Bocking and Promotion Strategies of the Burden Reduction Policy of Primary and Secondary School Teachers——The Analysis Based on Smith s Policy Implementation Model

作　　者：叶晓力 夏玲丽 YE Xiaoli;XIA Lingli(Anhui University,Hefei,Anhui 230039,China;Xiamen University,Xiamen,Fujian 361001,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学,安徽合肥230039 [2]厦门大学,福建厦门361001

出　　处：《现代教育科学》2023年第5期53-59,共7页Modern Education Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“构建服务全民终身学习的教育体系研究”(项目编号:20ZDA070)。

摘　　要：中小学教师减负政策的有效执行是厘清教师职业权责、保障教师身心健康,并为其营造良好教育教学环境的重要前提。基于史密斯政策执行模型,从政策本体、执行机构、目标群体和政策环境等4个维度系统探讨我国中小学教师减负政策的执行过程。当前我国中小学教师减负政策在执行过程中存在着政策本体内在限制延缓执行进程、执行机构动力不足制约执行效率、目标群体认同危机消解执行动力,以及社会传统文化惯习削弱执行力度的现实阻滞。为达到政策执行的理想效果,未来应探索优化政策体系设计,引领教师减负政策的行动方向;明晰执行机构权责,完善教师减负政策的协同机制;提升目标群体认同,拓展教师减负政策的参与路径;重塑社会生态环境,构建教师减负政策的文化支持。The effective implementation of the policy of reducing the burden of primary and secondary school teachers is an important prerequisite for clarifying the professional rights and responsibilities of teachers,safeguarding their physical and mental health and creating a good education and teaching environment for them.Based on Smith's policy implementation model,this study systematically discusses the implementation process of burden reduction policy for primary and secondary school teachers from four dimensions:policy ontology,implementation agencies,target groups and policy environment.The results show that the implementation of the current burden reduction policy for primary and secondary school teachers is delayed by internal restrictions of the policy ontology,the lack of motivation of the implementation institutions restricts the implementation efficiency,the target group identity crisis removes the motivation of implementation,and the traditional cultural habits of the society weaken the implementation.In order to achieve the ideal effect of policy implementation,we should explore and optimize the design of policy system in the future,and lead the direction of action of teachers' burden reduction policy.Clarify the powers and responsibilities of the executive agencies,improve the coordination mechanism of teachers' burden reduction policy;To enhance the target group identity,expand the path of teachers' participation in the burden reduction policy;Reshape the social ecological environment and construct the cultural support of teachers burden reduction policy.

关 键 词：中小学教师减负政策 史密斯政策执行模型 政策执行效率 协同机制 文化支持 

分 类 号：G451[文化科学—教育学]