上古及中古前期法语和汉语语序研究及对比初探  

A Study and Preliminary Comparison of Word Order in Ancient and Early Middle French and Chinese

作　　者：曲辰[1] QU Chen(School of Foreign Languages,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学外国语学院,上海200092

出　　处：《同济大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第4期103-112,124,共11页Journal of Tongji University:Social Science Edition

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“汉法语序演变的语言类型学对比研究”(17YJC740073)。

摘　　要：通过对上古和中古前期法语和汉语的语序变化进行研究和对比,可以看到,法语语序从拉丁语的SOV语序演变为V2型语序,并最终发展成为SVO语序。而先秦汉语的基本语序一直保持着SVO语序,至南北朝时期,话题语法化程度不断加深,汉语向话题优先型转变。上古及中古前期法语和汉语的语言组织原则的变化正好相反。两种语言都曾受到语言接触的影响,但由此引发的语序演变模式不相同,法语是语法借用,而汉语是语法复制。This paper examines and compares the word order of French and Chinese in the Ancient and Early Middle Ages.Through the analysis of the word order changes in these two languages,we observe that French evolved from the Latin-derived SOV word order to a V2 word order before eventually developing into the SVO word order.In contrast,Pre-Qin Chinese maintained the SVO word order,and during the period of the Northern and Southern Dynasties,the degree of topicalization in Chinese deepened,leading to a shift towards a topic-prominent language.The changes in the principles of linguistic organization in Ancient and Early Middle French and Chinese were opposite to each other.Both languages were influenced by language contact,but the resulting patterns of word order evolution differed,with French being a grammatical borrowing while Chinese being a grammatical replication.

关 键 词：语序 话题优先 语言组织原则 语言接触 

分 类 号：H32[语言文字—法语]