误读与如何提问——韦伯理解方法论下的《新教伦理与资本主义精神》  

作　　者：王赟[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学社会学院 [2]苏州大学“江苏省铸牢中华民族共同体意识研究基地” [3]法国斯特拉斯堡大学欧洲动态研究中心(UMR7069)

出　　处：《社会研究方法评论》2023年第1期100-137,共38页Social Research Methods Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“理解社会学的基础和机制研究”(20FSHB012)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：《新教伦理与资本主义精神》是马克斯·韦伯社会学研究的典范,然而误读和质疑也持续不断地出现。本文指出,《新教伦理与资本主义精神》与韦伯的方法论框架有极强的内在联系,对诸如情势因果律、理想类型和无中介自明性等概念的正确理解是避免误读的关键所在。《新教伦理与资本主义精神》以范例的方式提供了区别于功能主义和整体论观念的新视角,新视角以内在因果性为线索,在客观性和价值有效性之间建立联系,在现象独特性的基础上寻求对因果联系的内部掌握。当今各种有关社会和社会科学的思考都可以由此获益,而启示又远非此书提供的具体情境而已。The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism is a key⁃stone of Max Weber's sociological research,but there have also been some misunderstandings and doubts about it.This article points out that The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism has a strong connection with Weber's methodological framework.A proper hermeneutics must be founded on concepts such as conjunctural causality,ideal type and imme⁃diate self-evidence.The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism pro⁃vides us a new perspective that is different from the functionalism and ho⁃lism.The new perspective uses internal causality as a clue to establish a connection between objectivity and axiological validity,thus to grab the causality through the uniqueness of phenomenon.Nowadays,social sci⁃ences can benefit from this,and the enlightenment is far from just the spe⁃cific situation provided by this work.

关 键 词：情势因果律 理想类型 社会联系 理解 

分 类 号：G63[文化科学—教育学]