波动高背压环境增压柴油机性能响应特性  

Performance Response Characteristic of Turbocharged Diesel Engine Under Fluctuating High Back Pressure Environment

作　　者：向翰淳 马泽泰 杨名洋 邓康耀[1] 黄敏 刘莹 Xiang Hanchun;Ma Zetai;Yang Mingyang;Deng Kangyao;Huang Min;Liu Ying(Key Laboratory for Power Machinery&Engineering of Ministry of Education,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Shanghai Marine Diesel Engine Research Institute,Shanghai 201108,China;Kangyue Technology Company Limited(Shandong),Shouguang 262718,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学动力机械及工程教育部重点实验室,上海200240 [2]中国船舶重工集团公司第七一一研究所,上海201108 [3]康跃科技(山东)有限公司,山东寿光262718

出　　处：《内燃机学报》2023年第5期404-411,共8页Transactions of Csice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52076130).

摘　　要：研究了波动背压对柴油机性能响应特性的影响,分析探讨了不同波动特征下性能参数的响应机制.结果表明:波动背压环境下,增压柴油机功率、增压压力、涡轮前排气压力及排气温度均随背压明显波动,呈现显著的迟滞环形状.背压波动周期和时均值是影响性能响应特性的关键因素.波动周期缩短时,发动机功率、增压压力及涡轮前排气压力迟滞环由狭长状逐渐扩展,非定常度扩至3倍以上,非定常特征逐渐强化.背压时均值减小时,各性能参数在波动条件下的迟滞环呈膨胀趋势,低时均背压时非定常度为高时均背压的2.55倍以上,非定常特性明显加强.进气端性能参数对波动背压的响应明显滞后于排气端,前者非定常度为后者1.9倍以上,波动背压条件下发动机性能响应迟滞特征主要来源于增压器转动惯量.The effects of a fluctuating back pressure on performance response characteristics of a turbocharged diesel engine were studied by experiment,and response mechanism of different fluctuating characteristics was discussed.Results show that under the fluctuating back pressure environment,the engine power,boost pressure,pre-turbine exhaust pressure and temperature all fluctuate significantly with the back pressure,showing a typical hysteresis loop shape.The fluctuating period and time-average back pressure are the key factors which affect the response characteristics.When fluctuating period is shortened,the hysteresis loops of engine power,boost pressure and pre-turbine exhaust pressure gradually expand from narrow shape,and the unsteadiness increases over three times,indicating that the unsteady characteristics gradually strengthen.When the time-average back pressure decreases,the hysteresis loop shows an expanding trend,unsteadiness of low average back pressure is over 2.55 times of the high ones,thus the unsteady characteristics are enhanced.The performance parameter at the intake has an obvious response lag behind the exhaust,the former is over 1.9 times as unsteady as the latter.The hysteresis response characteristics of engine performance under fluctuating back pressure are mainly derived from the inertia of turbocharger.

关 键 词：增压柴油机 波动背压 波动周期 时均背压 

分 类 号：TK421[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]