乡村振兴视域下宅基地“三权分置”改革进路研究——以广东南海为样本  

Research on the Reform Approach of"Separation of Three Rights"in Homestead Bases from the Perspective of Rural Revitalization——Taking Nanhai District of Guangdong as an Example

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作  者:杨晓杰 陈维君[1] YANG Xiao-jie;CHEN Wei-jun(School of Humanities and Law,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642)

机构地区:[1]华南农业大学人文与法学学院,广东广州510642

出  处:《南方农村》2023年第4期28-33,共6页South China Rural Area

基  金:广东省教学质量与教学改革工程项目“农业院校大学生创新创业实践平台建设的研究与实践”(2020-293);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目“广东省农民工返乡创业调研——以粤东潮汕地区为例”(202211347039)。

摘  要:宅基地“三权分置”改革事关农民切身利益,系及乡村振兴大局。我国宅基地制度历经三个发展阶段:“二权合一”“两权分离”到“三权分置”。目前,宅基地制度改革在理论上存在“三权”构造分歧,主要包括“用益物权说”“成员权说”以及“债权说”;在实践中面临所有权主体虚置弱化、资格权立法缺失、使用权流转受限的现实困境。以广东南海为样本,在乡村振兴视域下探索宅基地“三权分置”改革进路,其突破点应包括以下三个方面:明确宅基地管理主体、完整集体权能,落实集体所有权;界定资格权为农户申请宅基地的基本权益,实现保障权能;适度活化宅基地使用权,显化财产价值。The reform of the"three rights separation"of homestead land is related to the vital interests of farmers and the overall situation of rural revitalization.The homestead system in China has gone through three stages of development:"integration of two rights","separation of two rights",and"separation of three rights".At present,there is a theoretical divergence of"three rights"in the reform of the homestead system,which mainly includes"Usufruct theory","member right theory"and"creditor's right theory";In practice,there are practical difficulties such as the weakening of the subject of ownership,the lack of legislation on qualification rights,and the limited circulation of usage rights.Taking Nanhai district,Guangdong as a sample,exploring the reform path of"separation of three rights"for homestead land from the perspective of rural revitalization should include the following three aspects:clarifying the management subject of homestead land,completing collective rights,and implementing collective ownership;To define the qualification right for farmers to apply for the basic rights and interests of homestead,and to realize the protection power;Moderately activate the right to use homestead land and highlight the value of property.

关 键 词:宅基地 “三权分置” 宅基地所有权 宅基地资格权 宅基地使用权 

分 类 号:F321[经济管理—产业经济]

 

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